{"id":10084,"date":"2026-04-20T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-20T15:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/?p=10084"},"modified":"2026-04-22T09:04:27","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T16:04:27","slug":"study-points-to-new-treatment-target-for-fatal-infant-heart-disease","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/study-points-to-new-treatment-target-for-fatal-infant-heart-disease\/","title":{"rendered":"Study points to new treatment target for fatal infant heart disease"},"content":{"rendered":"\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"text-container\">\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--eyebrow\">\n\n    \n  <span>Press Release<\/span>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--page-title\">\n\n    \n  <h1>Study points to new treatment target for fatal infant heart disease<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  <p>In a study of mice and lab-grown human heart cells, a research team led by the Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research at the Keck School of Medicine of USC identified a gene that may someday help treat a rare heart muscle disease in infants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n          <div class=\"meta\">\n                  <span class=\"author\">Zara Abrams<\/span>\n        \n                  <span class=\"date\">April 20, 2026<\/span>\n              <\/div>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--embed\">\n\n    \n  <div class=\"heateor_sss_sharing_container heateor_sss_horizontal_sharing\" data-heateor-ss-offset=\"0\" data-heateor-sss-href='https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/study-points-to-new-treatment-target-for-fatal-infant-heart-disease\/'><div class=\"heateor_sss_sharing_ul\"><a aria-label=\"Facebook\" class=\"heateor_sss_facebook\" 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data-src=\"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/68\/2026\/04\/iStock-1356350063-768x432.jpg\"\n          data-srcset=\"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/68\/2026\/04\/iStock-1356350063-1920x1080.jpg 1920w,https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/68\/2026\/04\/iStock-1356350063-1280x720.jpg 1280w,https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/68\/2026\/04\/iStock-1356350063-768x432.jpg 768w\"          data-sizes=\"(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw\"          class=\"lazyload\"\n        \n        alt=\"Shot of a little baby at a checkup with a doctor at a clinic\"\n        \n                                      \/>\n\n    \n          <figcaption><p>Photo\/iStock<\/p>\n<\/figcaption>\n    <\/figure>\n    \n  \n  \n\n<\/div>\n  \n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--rich-text white\"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--rich-text\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n        \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Researchers from the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Keck School of Medicine of USC<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> have made an important advance toward understanding\u2014and potentially treating\u2014a rare cardiomyopathy (heart muscle disease) that is present from birth. The condition, known as AARS2-related cardiomyopathy, is caused by inherited mutations in the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">alanyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetase 2 (<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">AARS2) gene and is often fatal within the first year of life. Currently, no treatment or cure exists.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Past efforts to treat AARS2-related cardiomyopathy have focused on repairing mutations in the AARS2 gene. But a new study reveals that another gene, PCBP1, may offer an alternative way to intervene.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although PCBP1 is not the gene that causes the disease, the researchers found that it helps control how the non-mutated AARS2 gene functions in heart cells, making it a possible new point of intervention to prevent damage to the heart. In mice and lab-grown human heart cells, they found that switching off PCBP1 reproduces key features of the disease. They also uncovered how the damage happens, including by disrupting mitochondria, which produce the energy that fuels cells.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The findings suggest that targeting PCBP1 could help restore healthier AARS2 function in heart cells. The research was funded in part by the National Institutes of Health and just published in the journal <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s44161-026-00798-3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nature Cardiovascular\u00a0Research<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cThis is the first time PCBP1 has been linked to this disease. We were able to trace its effects on AARS2 down to the molecular level, which gives us strong evidence that PCBP1 can influence how this disease develops,\u201d said the study\u2019s lead and corresponding author, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/faculty-search\/yao-wei-lu\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yao Wei Lu, PhD<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, assistant professor of medicine and a member of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/hastings\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> at the Keck School of Medicine.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In addition to opening potential new paths for treating AARS2-related cardiomyopathy, the findings could have broader relevance. Many other rare diseases affecting the heart, brain and other organs also involve problems with mitochondria. By showing how these breakdowns happen at the genetic and cellular level, the study may point to new treatment strategies for a wide range of disorders.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Linking AARS2 and PCBP1<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">PCBP1, short for poly(rC)-binding protein 1, codes for a protein of the same name. When working properly, this protein helps process genetic messages that tell cells how to function. When PCBP1 is missing, that process can go awry.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In mice, Lu and his colleagues used a genetic approach that allowed them to delete PCBP1, but only in heart muscle cells. This helped them isolate the gene\u2019s role in heart development and disease.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The researchers then identified a chain of events linking PCBP1, AARS2 and heart muscle disease. When PCBP1 is missing, the genetic message from AARS2 is processed incorrectly in a way that looks very similar to the AARS2-related cardiomyopathy seen in human patients. The result is that mitochondrial activity is disrupted, reducing the cell\u2019s energy supply. In an attempt to compensate, heart cells switch on stress signals that cause further damage.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The researchers also used human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), reprogrammed adult cells, to create heart muscle cells in the lab. When they switched off PCBP1, they observed similar effects in mitochondria, suggesting the same process occurs in human cells.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Broader treatment potential<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In addition to revealing key details about the mechanism behind AARS2-related cardiomyopathy, the study produced a mouse model of the condition that should make it easier to study. Lu and his team are now exploring potential treatments in both mice and iPSCs.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">They are also investigating whether a similar approach could help treat other diseases where mitochondrial problems damage the heart, brain, lungs or kidneys.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cWe think what we found in the heart can apply to many of these organs, because the root cause\u2014mitochondrial dysfunction\u2014is the same,\u201d Lu said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lu\u2019s collaborators include his former mentors Da-Zhi Wang, PhD, of the University of South Florida, and Hong Chen, PhD, of Boston Children\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School; George Porter, MD, PhD, from the University of Rochester Medical Center, a pediatric cardiologist who led analyses of mitochondrial function; Frank Conlon, PhD, from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, who led the proteomics analysis; and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/faculty-search\/jessie-huang\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jessie Huang, PhD<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, of the Keck School of Medicine of USC, who helped build the iPSC-based model.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>About this research<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In addition to Lu, Wang, Chen, Porter, Conlon and Huang, the study\u2019s other authors are Samantha Ruiz, Xiaoran Huang, Sheri M. Juntilla and Shuhan Lyu of the Department of Medicine and the Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California; Zhuomin Liang, Haipeng Guo, Tiago Fernandes, Ramon A Espinoza-Lewis, Tingting Wang, Kathryn Li, Yi Wang, Douglas Cowan, William T. Pu and Xue\u00a0Li from Boston Children\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Kerry Dorr from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Denise Fangnibo Hanvi and Gisela Beutner from the University of Rochester Medical Center; and Gurinder Bir Singh, Rui Deng and John D. Mably from the University of South Florida.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [R01HL149401, R01HL138757, R01HL165794, R01HL168900, R01HL141853, R01HL133216, R01HL144776, R01HL179278]; the Additional Ventures Single Ventricle Research Fund [Project Number 1014383]; the Robert E. and May R. Wright Foundation Pilot Grant; American Heart Association Awards; and the Hastings Foundation.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":278,"featured_media":10090,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[226,426,446,169,20],"class_list":["post-10084","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-press-release","tag-department-of-medicine","tag-hastings-center-for-pulmonary-research","tag-homepage","tag-latest","tag-research"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.5 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Study 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