{"id":2521,"date":"2018-07-02T14:27:05","date_gmt":"2018-07-02T21:27:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/a-fox-code-for-the-face\/"},"modified":"2023-11-26T08:25:44","modified_gmt":"2023-11-26T16:25:44","slug":"a-fox-code-for-the-face","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/a-fox-code-for-the-face\/","title":{"rendered":"A Fox code for the face"},"content":{"rendered":"\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"text-container\">\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--eyebrow\">\n\n    \n  <span>Press Release<\/span>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--page-title\">\n\n    \n  <h1>A Fox code for the face<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n    \n          <div class=\"meta\">\n        \n                  <span class=\"date\">July 02, 2018<\/span>\n              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1.183-2.818l-1.186-1.185c-.774.79-1.708 1.186-2.805 1.186-1.078 0-1.995-.376-2.75-1.13l-2.803-2.81C5.377 12.82 5 11.903 5 10.826c0-1.08.382-1.993 1.146-2.738L8.128 6.12C8.873 5.372 9.785 5 10.864 5c1.087 0 2.004.382 2.75 1.146l2.777 2.79c.75.747 1.12 1.66 1.12 2.737 0 1.105-.392 2.045-1.183 2.817l1.186 1.186c.774-.79 1.708-1.186 2.805-1.186 1.078 0 1.995.377 2.75 1.132l2.804 2.804c.754.755 1.13 1.672 1.13 2.75z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"heateorSssClear\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        \n  <\/div>\n\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--image\">\n\n    \n    \n    \n        <figure>\n    \n    \n    \n              \n      <img\n                            data-src=\"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/68\/2023\/11\/lower-face-of-zebrafish-600x432.jpg\"\n                    data-sizes=\"(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw\"          class=\"lazyload\"\n        \n        alt=\"lower-face-of-zebrafish\"\n        \n                                      \/>\n\n    \n          <figcaption>Skeletal staining of the lower face of a zebrafish, with cartilage in blue, and bones and teeth in red. (Image by Pengfei Xu\/Crump Lab)<\/figcaption>\n    <\/figure>\n    \n  \n  \n\n<\/div>\n  \n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\r\n\r\n\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--rich-text white\"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--rich-text\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n        \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <p>In the developing face, how do stem cells know whether to become cartilage, bones or teeth? To begin to answer this question, scientists from the USC Stem Cell\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/crumplab.usc.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">laboratory of Gage Crump<\/a>\u00a0tested the role of a key family of genes, called \u201cForkhead-domain transcription factors,\u201d or Fox.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/dev.biologists.org\/content\/145\/12\/dev165498\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Their findings appear in the journal\u00a0<em>Development<\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>While mutations in the Fox genes can cause diseases ranging from cancer to language disorders, postdoc Pengfei Xu and her collaborators focused on how these genes affect facial development.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhile examination of Fox genes in the mammalian face reveals they are required for bone and palate formation, whether Fox genes broadly control regional facial skeletal fates, as well as their mechanisms of action, remains unclear,\u201d said Xu.<\/p>\n<p>To observe this, the team created mutant zebrafish that lacked different types of Fox\u2014specifically, Fox-C genes or Fox-F genes. They found that fish lacking Fox-C failed to form cartilage in the upper face. Fish lacking Fox-F genes had problems developing their jaws, cartilage in the middle of their faces and teeth.<\/p>\n<p>Further experiments revealed that Fox-C and Fox-F have a role in helping another important gene, Sox9, activate a slew of additional genes that promote cartilage development in the embryo.<\/p>\n<p>Other laboratories have noted similar effects in mice lacking Fox genes. These findings suggest that the Fox genes play a role in the facial development of not only zebrafish and mice, but also many other vertebrate species, including humans.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTranscription factors like Sox9 play roles in many different organs in the body,\u201d said Crump, who is a professor of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine at USC. \u201cThis tour-de-force genetic study shows how a family of Fox factors direct cells to form only cartilage and teeth and not other cell types. This may help in strategies toward directing stem cells to form cartilage and teeth for future regenerative medicine applications.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Additional co-authors include Bartosz Balczerski, Amanda Ciozda and Kristin Louie from USC, and Veronika Oralova and Ann Huysseune from Ghent University in Belgium.<\/p>\n<p>The research was funded by the National Institutes of Health (R01-DE018405 and R35-DE027550).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Read more about:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/stemcell.keck.usc.edu\/archive\/?disease=muscles-and-skeleton\">Muscles and Skeleton<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"mentioned-container\"><strong>Mentioned in this article:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/crumplab.usc.edu\/\">Gage Crump, PhD<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the developing face, how do stem cells know whether to become cartilage, bones or teeth? To begin to answer this question, scientists from the USC Stem Cell laboratory of Gage Crump tested the role of a key family of genes, called \u201cForkhead-domain transcription factors,\u201d or Fox. Their findings appear in the journal Development.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":168,"featured_media":2522,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[17],"class_list":["post-2521","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-press-release","tag-stem-cell"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.9 (Yoast SEO v26.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>A Fox code for the face<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/a-fox-code-for-the-face\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A Fox code for the face\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In the developing face, how do stem cells know whether to become cartilage, bones or teeth? 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