{"id":2774,"date":"2019-01-28T11:32:18","date_gmt":"2019-01-28T19:32:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/usc-researchers-use-ai-to-detect-early-signs-of-alzheimers\/"},"modified":"2023-11-26T08:27:54","modified_gmt":"2023-11-26T16:27:54","slug":"usc-researchers-use-ai-to-detect-early-signs-of-alzheimers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/usc-researchers-use-ai-to-detect-early-signs-of-alzheimers\/","title":{"rendered":"USC Researchers Use AI to Detect Early Signs of Alzheimer\u2019s"},"content":{"rendered":"\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"text-container\">\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--eyebrow\">\n\n    \n  <span>Press Release<\/span>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--page-title\">\n\n    \n  <h1>USC Researchers Use AI to Detect Early Signs of Alzheimer\u2019s<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n    \n          <div class=\"meta\">\n        \n                  <span class=\"date\">January 28, 2019<\/span>\n              <\/div>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--embed\">\n\n    \n  <div class=\"heateor_sss_sharing_container heateor_sss_horizontal_sharing\" data-heateor-ss-offset=\"0\" data-heateor-sss-href='https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/usc-researchers-use-ai-to-detect-early-signs-of-alzheimers\/'><div class=\"heateor_sss_sharing_ul\"><a aria-label=\"Facebook\" class=\"heateor_sss_facebook\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fkeck.usc.edu%2Fnews%2Fusc-researchers-use-ai-to-detect-early-signs-of-alzheimers%2F\" title=\"Facebook\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size:32px!important;box-shadow:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle\"><span class=\"heateor_sss_svg\" 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11.903 5 10.826c0-1.08.382-1.993 1.146-2.738L8.128 6.12C8.873 5.372 9.785 5 10.864 5c1.087 0 2.004.382 2.75 1.146l2.777 2.79c.75.747 1.12 1.66 1.12 2.737 0 1.105-.392 2.045-1.183 2.817l1.186 1.186c.774-.79 1.708-1.186 2.805-1.186 1.078 0 1.995.377 2.75 1.132l2.804 2.804c.754.755 1.13 1.672 1.13 2.75z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"heateorSssClear\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        \n  <\/div>\n\n  \n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\r\n\r\n\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--rich-text white\"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--rich-text\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n        \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <h3>USC researchers found \u201chidden factors\u201d in medical data that could improve Alzheimer\u2019s disease prediction and lead to better outcomes.<\/h3>\n<p>Nearly 50 million people worldwide have Alzheimer\u2019s disease or another form of dementia. While age is the greatest risk factor for developing the disease, researchers believe most Alzheimer\u2019s cases occur as a result of complex interactions among genes and other factors. But those factors and the role they play are not known\u2014yet.<br \/>\nIn a new study, USC researchers used machine learning to identify potential blood-based markers of Alzheimer\u2019s disease that could help with earlier diagnosis and lead to non-invasive ways of tracking the progress of the disease in patients. The method was developed by USC computer science research assistant professor <a href=\"https:\/\/www.isi.edu\/people\/gregv\/about\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" alt=\"USC Researchers Use AI to Detect Early Signs of Alzheimer\u2019s\">Greg Ver Steeg<\/a>, a senior research lead at the USC Information Sciences Institute (ISI). Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence (AI) that gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed.<br \/>\n\u201cThis type of analysis is a novel way of discovering patterns of data to identify key diagnostic markers of disease,\u201d said team member <a href=\"\/faculty-search\/paul-m-thompson\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" alt=\"USC Researchers Use AI to Detect Early Signs of Alzheimer\u2019s\">Paul Thompson<\/a>, the associate director of the USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute and professor in the Keck School of Medicine at USC. \u201cIn a very large database of health measures, it helped us discover predictive features of Alzheimer\u2019s disease that nobody suspected were there.\u201d<br \/>\nThe study, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnagi.2018.00390\/full\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" alt=\"USC Researchers Use AI to Detect Early Signs of Alzheimer\u2019s\">Uncovering Biologically Coherent Peripheral Signatures of Health and Risk for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease in the Aging Brain<\/a>,\u201d appeared in Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Nov. 28. The study authors are from the USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute and the USC Information Sciences Institute. <\/p>\n<h2>Identifying biomarkers<\/h2>\n<p>While most Alzheimer\u2019s research to date has focused on known hypotheses, such as the build up of amyloid plaque and tau protein in the brain, both measures have proved tricky to measure in the bloodstream.<br \/>\nAs such, diagnostic tests are largely based on memory. Unfortunately, by the time a person starts showing signs of memory loss, they may have already had the disease for decades. Catching the disease early, before symptoms even appear, is a crucial step in managing the disease with drugs and lifestyle changes that can improve quality of life.<br \/>\nAs a result, neuroscientists at USC wondered if there could be other \u201chidden\u201d indicators of Alzheimer\u2019s\u2014factors that could be detected with a routine blood test. But how do you find something when you don\u2019t know what you\u2019re looking for?<br \/>\nSo, they turned their attention towards machine learning, enlisting the expertise of Greg Ver Steeg, a USC computer scientist and physicist who specializes in mining complex data.<br \/>\nIn 2013, Ver Steeg developed an advanced machine learning method called Correlation Explanation (CorEx) capable of teasing out patterns in areas often overwhelmed by large amounts of data, including neuroscience, psychology and finance. The same year, the method made the news when Shirley Pepke, a computational biologist at Caltech, used the algorithm to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/to-your-health\/wp\/2016\/11\/11\/how-a-researcher-used-her-computational-know-how-to-beat-her-own-ovarian-cancer\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" alt=\"USC Researchers Use AI to Detect Early Signs of Alzheimer\u2019s\">study her own cancer<\/a>.<br \/>\nIn this particular study, the scientists\u2019 goal was to use the same algorithm to unearth hidden factors\u2014or clusters of related factors\u2014in medical data that could be correlated with Alzheimer\u2019s disease.<br \/>\n\u201cIt could be that there is no single predictor of whether you are likely to have cognitive decline, if it\u2019s begun already, or how severe it\u2019s going to be,\u201d said Ver Steeg. \u201cBut maybe there\u2019s collections of indicators that would be a better signal. The question we were looking at was whether we could use the algorithm to find groups of features that could be a better predictor of Alzheimer\u2019s than any factors measured individually.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2> Clusters of relationships <\/h2>\n<p>The researchers examined medical data collected from 829 older adults from the Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database to identify predictors of cognitive decline and brain atrophy over a one-year period.<br \/>\nParticipants fell into three diagnostic categories: cognitively normal, mild cognitive impairment and those with Alzheimer\u2019s disease. The data included more than 400 biomarkers collected from brain imaging, genetics, plasma, and demographic information.<br \/>\nSure enough, when the scientists ran the data through Ver Steeg\u2019s algorithm, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/files\/Articles\/426873\/fnagi-10-00390-HTML-r1\/image_m\/fnagi-10-00390-g002.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" alt=\"USC Researchers Use AI to Detect Early Signs of Alzheimer\u2019s\">distinct clusters of relationships emerged<\/a>. Amyloid and tau were found to be important, but the algorithm also revealed strong relationships with cardiovascular health, hormone levels, metabolism and immune system response. For instance, low vitamin B12 levels, which can be a risk factor in cardiovascular disease, were grouped together with enzymes called matrix metalloproteinases, also characteristic of cardiovascular diseases, and a protein secreted by T-cells, known to participate in immune response.<br \/>\nWhile the relationships between some of the measures had been previously documented and were known to be associated with Alzheimer\u2019s, \u201cthe results points to a synergy between features being a stronger predictor than individual features,\u201d said Thompson.<br \/>\n\u201cMaybe fixing one of these things alone doesn\u2019t make a huge difference, but fixing a cluster of things could be helpful in reducing the risk of developing the disease.\u201d<br \/>\nA growing list of biomarkers could lead to earlier diagnosis and better prognosis, providing new targets for blood tests, said Thompson. In future studies, he and his team hope to confirm the results in a larger population of patients and use Ver Steeg\u2019s method to find hidden factors in other diseases, such as schizophrenia and depression.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[11,135],"class_list":["post-2774","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-press-release","tag-artificial-intelligence","tag-mesh"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>USC Researchers 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