{"id":3808,"date":"2020-12-18T15:28:19","date_gmt":"2020-12-18T23:28:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/mapping-changes-in-a-mysterious-brain-structure-throughout-the-lifespan\/"},"modified":"2023-11-19T12:43:39","modified_gmt":"2023-11-19T20:43:39","slug":"mapping-changes-in-a-mysterious-brain-structure-throughout-the-lifespan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/mapping-changes-in-a-mysterious-brain-structure-throughout-the-lifespan\/","title":{"rendered":"Mapping changes in a mysterious brain structure throughout the lifespan"},"content":{"rendered":"\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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\n\n \n Press Release<\/span>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Mapping changes in a mysterious brain structure throughout the lifespan<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n Zara Greenbaum<\/span>\n \n December 18, 2020<\/span>\n <\/div>\n \n \n
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(Photo\/Courtesy of USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute)<\/figcaption>\n <\/figure>\n \n \n \n\n<\/div>\n \n\n <\/div><\/div>\n\r\n\r\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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(Originally posted at HSC News<\/a>.)<\/p>\n

Until recently, scientists didn\u2019t know much about perivascular spaces (PVS), fluid-filled regions in the brain involved in clearing waste and toxins \u2014 mainly because it\u2019s tough to get a clear look at them using neuroimaging. But as technology evolves, researchers are finding that PVS may play a central role in brain changes associated with aging, including in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer\u2019s disease.<\/p>\n

This winter, the\u00a0USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute<\/a>\u00a0(USC Stevens INI) is launching a comprehensive, five-year, $1.4 million study to map PVS across the lifespan and to understand the role they play in brain function. The project, led by Farshid Sepehrband, PhD, assistant professor of research neurology at the Keck School of Medicine of USC, is part of the\u00a0BRAIN Initiative<\/a>, a National Institutes of Health-led public-private partnership that aims to develop and apply innovative technologies to revolutionize the study of the human brain.<\/p>\n

\u201cSince its launch in 2013, I\u2019ve closely followed the discoveries and advancements from the BRAIN Initiative,\u201d Sepehrband said. \u201cI\u2019m honored and excited to count myself among its investigators and to contribute to this global scientific effort.\u201d<\/p>\n

The new study builds on decades of work by the USC Stevens INI and its Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI) to map the human brain in health and disease. That work includes co-leading the\u00a0Human Connectome Project<\/a>\u00a0(HCP), a revolutionary brain mapping effort to characterize pathways, circuits, regions and functions. Sepehrband will use computational and analytic methods that he has developed to obtain new insights from HCP data.<\/p>\n

\u201cMapping the intricacies of the human brain is a crucial task that provides the foundation for life-changing research on development, diseases and interventions,\u201d said Arthur W. Toga, PhD, Provost Professor at USC and director of the USC Stevens INI and LONI. \u201cThe new effort is an important step in advancing our knowledge of the brain\u2019s structure and function.\u201d<\/p>\n

Mapping PVS across a lifespan<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sepehrband and his team have developed new PVS mapping technology that they will apply to more than 13,000 high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans to build maps of PVS at various stages across the lifespan. The researchers also will study whether health factors such as body mass index, blood pressure, sleep quality and tobacco use are linked to changes in PVS.<\/p>\n

This data and the computational tools will then be shared with the broader scientific community, enabling a vast range of applications, including the potential development of diagnostic tools and treatments for neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. This data also will advance our understanding of the link between brain clearance system and overall brain health.<\/p>\n

Initial findings from the effort, which report the structure of PVS in healthy adults, were published in the\u00a0Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism<\/em><\/a>\u00a0in November. The study, co-led by LONI\u2019s Giuseppe Barisano, MD, shows that PVS varies drastically from one person to the next \u2014 variation that is partly influenced by body mass index, gender and even time of day.<\/p>\n

Advancing knowledge on PVS<\/strong><\/p>\n

The new effort builds on Sepehrband\u2019s extensive research program on mapping PVS. His processing pipeline for sharpening MRI data on PVS was published in the Nature journal\u00a0Scientific Reports<\/em><\/a>\u00a0in 2019. He also showed that ignoring the effect of PVS on MRI could result in drawing incorrect conclusions about brain changes, a study that was published in\u00a0NeuroImage<\/em><\/a>\u00a0and was featured in\u00a0DISCOVER<\/em><\/a>\u00a0magazine.<\/p>\n

Since then, the USC Stevens INI team has presented findings at the Alzheimer\u2019s Association International Conference showing that PVS changes are linked to cognitive decline in both Alzheimer\u2019s disease and Parkinson\u2019s disease. They also used the institute\u2019s ultra-high field 7Telsa MRI scanner to more accurately map PVS and presented preliminary findings on PVS mapping at the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine\u2019s annual meeting, with postdoc Kirsten Lynch, PhD, winning the conference\u2019s \u201cSumma Cum Laude\u201d award for an abstract ranking in the top 5% peer-reviewed scores<\/p>\n

\u201cWe believe it\u2019s important to understand the role of the brain\u2019s clearance system in overall brain health and brain aging,\u201d Sepehrband said. \u201cUltimately, our hope is that detailed mapping of the brain clearance system can advance our understanding of brain hemostasis and power new ways to improve brain health and function.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":3809,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[78],"class_list":["post-3808","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-press-release","tag-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMapping changes in a mysterious 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