{"id":4161,"date":"2021-07-14T14:49:36","date_gmt":"2021-07-14T21:49:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/could-mapping-tiny-hairlike-structures-help-treat-lung-illnesses\/"},"modified":"2023-11-19T12:47:11","modified_gmt":"2023-11-19T20:47:11","slug":"could-mapping-tiny-hairlike-structures-help-treat-lung-illnesses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/could-mapping-tiny-hairlike-structures-help-treat-lung-illnesses\/","title":{"rendered":"Could mapping tiny hairlike structures help treat lung illnesses?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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\n\n \n Press Release<\/span>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Could mapping tiny hairlike structures help treat lung illnesses?<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n \n July 14, 2021<\/span>\n <\/div>\n \n \n
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3-D illustration of ciliated cells. (iStock)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption>\n <\/figure>\n \n \n \n\n<\/div>\n \n\n <\/div><\/div>\n\r\n\r\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

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(Originally posted at USC Viterbi<\/a>.)<\/p>\n

Cilia, microscopic hairlike structures found along the bronchi (air passages throughout the lungs), are the first line of defense against environmental pollutants, viruses and bacteria. But we know little about how they are arranged, how they move or even how they are oriented\u2014all factors which likely impact how well they defend and protect our airways.<\/p>\n

With support from the\u00a0National Institutes of Health<\/a>, researchers from the USC Viterbi School of Engineering and the\u00a0Keck School of Medicine of USC<\/a>\u00a0are working to bridge mathematical models of cilia behavior to biological and pathological (disease-causing) consequences. In other words, they hope to better understand how changing a variable in how cilia beats or how it is spaced might impact an individual\u2019s health.<\/p>\n

The research leads are\u00a0Eva Kanso<\/a>, USC Viterbi professor of aerospace and mechanical engineering, and\u00a0Amy Ryan<\/a>, PhD, an assistant professor of medicine at the Keck School.<\/p>\n

Kanso, Zohrab A. Kaprielian Fellow in Engineering, said: \u201cWe want to first understand what the normal variations for healthy lungs are, then understand the pathological variations. If we can map these observations to the underlying pathology, we can understand better how structure of cilia\u2014distribution, coordination, polarity, density\u2014can impact actual function\u2014how they move mucus, how well they clear in a certain direction.\u201d<\/p>\n

The team is looking at cilia from three perspectives, Kanso said. \u201cFirst, we\u2019re looking at actual human lungs, which is very timely now considering COVID-19,\u201d she said. \u201cThere are so many questions we don\u2019t know the answer to, like the distribution of cilia from the upper airways to when they start to branch out into smaller branches. Distribution varies depending on where you are in the lung.<\/p>\n

Mathematical Modeling of Cilia to Answer Key Questions<\/strong><\/p>\n

In Kanso\u2019s lab, this exploration is being done through mathematical models. \u201cWe have models of individual cilia and we combine them together to look at the coordination of an array of cilia. We look at the function and transporting flow, manipulating all sorts of parameters,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n

Cilia coordinate spontaneously to create a wave pattern, Kanso said, which is important for the transportation of fluid. \u201cThere is a clear direction in which the wave is traveling and that sweeps out everything (bacteria, etc.) in the direction of that traveling wave.\u201d<\/p>\n

In the mathematical model, Kanso said, you can change spacing between cilia, individual beating, polarity, etc. and see how it shifts the coordination that emerges and ultimately the corresponding function of the cilia and its transporting flow. Parameters that negatively impact the wave pattern might yield clues as to how diseased lungs look and function, she said.<\/p>\n

Implications on Human Health<\/strong><\/p>\n

From the biological perspective, this research could provide significant new insights into inherited and acquired airway diseases characterized by dysfunction of the cilia, Ryan said.<\/p>\n

\u201cIn addition to substantially increasing our understanding of the impact of disease on the functional properties of the airways, the development of mathematical models could potentially be applied in ciliopathy diagnostics to predict disease progression.\u201d Current diagnostic techniques require very specific scientific expertise, Ryan said, making them challenging.<\/p>\n

\u201cLooking forward, our long-term goal is to combine lab models with computational models to create a medical tool that can help evaluate therapeutics targeting lung diseases characterized by poor mucociliary clearance\u2014or poor functioning of self-clearing methodology in the airways,\u201d Ryan said.<\/p>\n

The NIH award is over $2.3 million for four years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Researchers from the USC Viterbi School of Engineering and the\u00a0Keck School are working to bridge mathematical models of cilia behavior to biological and pathological (disease-causing) consequences.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":68,"featured_media":4162,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[169,78],"class_list":["post-4161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-press-release","tag-latest","tag-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCould mapping tiny hairlike structures help treat lung illnesses?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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