{"id":5780,"date":"2018-08-28T05:45:52","date_gmt":"2018-08-28T12:45:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/how-a-usc-professor-is-creating-new-ways-to-measure-health\/"},"modified":"2025-02-06T05:20:16","modified_gmt":"2025-02-06T13:20:16","slug":"how-a-usc-professor-is-creating-new-ways-to-measure-health","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/how-a-usc-professor-is-creating-new-ways-to-measure-health\/","title":{"rendered":"How a USC professor is creating new ways to measure health"},"content":{"rendered":"\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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\n\n \n Campus News<\/span>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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How a USC professor is creating new ways to measure health<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n Department of Population and Public Health Sciences<\/span>\n \n August 28, 2018<\/span>\n <\/div>\n \n \n
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Air cleanliness and food toxicity may be topics that many people feel powerless to control, but epidemiologists and biostatisticians are using their environmental health research to influence policies that lead to big changes. Kiros Berhane, PhD, USC professor of preventive medicine and director of USC’s\u00a0Master of Science and PhD\u00a0programs in biostatistics and epidemiology, has dedicated much of his career to developing statistical methods to determine environmental health outcomes, and is working on ways to measure relationships between environmental factors and respiratory health in children.
\nWhat is your research focused on?<\/strong>
\nMy primary research focus is on the development of new statistical methods for public health research with specific focus on applications to environmental epidemiology. I am currently working on several topics (quantile regression, multiple outcomes, flexible modeling techniques, latent variable modeling \u2013 to name a few) with applications to health effects of environmental factors on respiratory health, obesity and tobacco related outcomes. One current area of focus has been the effects of multiple environmental factors on multiple health outcomes such as childhood obesity and new onset of asthma.
\nWhat are your goals in applying these statistical methods?<\/strong>
\nOur goal with this new application is multi-fold. First, we are working to apply these techniques to address a new problem dealing with the interrelationships between childhood obesity and asthma incidence. The new approach allows us to see if there is directionality in this relationship. Second, we would like to continue new methods by expanding this work to handle multiple interrelated environmental exposures.
\nWhat inspired you to get involved in statistics and epidemiology?<\/strong>
\nThe problem of synthesizing effects across several interrelated health outcomes has been of interest to me for many years. This problem was identified as an area that needs methods development as part of our work within the\u00a0Southern California Children\u2019s Health Study<\/a>. CHS is a long-running longitudinal study on approximately 12,000 children regarding the impact of environmental and genetic factors on children\u2019s health. We specifically wanted to allow for inference across several lung function measures and asthma incidence outcomes to help determine the underlying respiratory health status of any given child. The methods development involved allowing for complex growth trajectories during childhood, misclassification in asthma diagnosis data and complex dependencies across outcomes. Over several years, we were able to develop new methods that would allow us to handle all these complexities. Now, we are trying to use these techniques within a new research initiative of our\u00a0Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes\u00a0<\/a>grant to address the interplay between childhood obesity and asthma incidence by dealing with them jointly.
\nHow collaborative is environmental epidemiology?<\/strong>
\nThis work is a perfect example of how coordinated efforts between biostatisticians, epidemiologists and exposure scientists leads to better science for all involved \u2013 it is biostatistics at its best. It is a good example of the longstanding collaboration between the divisions of biostatistics and environmental health within our department. It is also a perfect example of using ongoing research platforms to train the next generation of scientists. For example, this work has been an outgrowth of a PhD dissertation by USC alum Yue Zhang, PhD, who is currently faculty at University of Utah.
\nWhat sort of impact has your research had?<\/strong>
\nI have been working on several aspects of this study for over 15 years. The research output has been great both from methodological and substantive points of view. Our work has informed regulatory decisions by local governments, the California Air Resources Board, the United States Environmental Protection Agency and international regulatory agencies. Several from our team have served on important review and advisory panels at local, state, national and international levels as a direct result of our work on this topic. Recently, we have shown that the improvement in air quality has led to improvement in respiratory health in children \u2014 potentially due to regulatory policies informed by our research. Hence, we can honestly say that the effect of our work has been very positive.
\nWhat does the future of environmental health research look like?<\/strong>
\nThe health effects of long term exposures to air pollution were not well established prior to the work by CHS. CHS has been instrumental in making ground breaking progress on this topic and still remains one of the most comprehensive ongoing studies in the world. CHS has since branched out to several other health areas such as childhood obesity, cardiovascular health indicators, metabolic outcomes and tobacco related outcomes (especially with new products such as e-cigarettes). It has made significant contribution to our understanding of genetic determinants of children\u2019s health and how genetics and environment interact in affecting children\u2019s health. Hence, the research work is likely to continue on several fronts.
\nWhy is environmental epidemiology so important?<\/strong>
\nThere is emerging evidence that complex environmental mixtures are important determinants of cardio-metabolic outcomes. The possibility of collecting huge amounts of real-time data opens new opportunities for addressing complex public health problems. It also poses many new challenges as techniques need to be developed to handle the huge volume of data in a responsible way. Hence, biostatistical methods research and the multi-disciplinary research model that we have been following for many years remain crucial. If we did not continue this work, we would not have the capacity to properly handle the promising big data opportunities.
\nWho should be concerned about environmental epidemiology?<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Everyone should be concerned about protecting the environment. Research has shown the detrimental effects of living in a polluted environment, as well as the health benefits of living in a cleaner environment.\u00a0The new challenges related to climate change also call for a concerted effort to remain vigilant.<\/div>\n
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What can the public do to get involved?<\/strong><\/p>\n
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Research helps support the creation of policies that lead to cleaner environments for all.\u00a0Our group has been very active in the dissemination of our own research work, and in working with community groups to promote awareness of environmental health issues. A great example of this is the community outreach arm of the\u00a0Southern California Environmental Health Sciences Center<\/a>.<\/div>\n
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Those interested in going into this research area can do so from many angles. Those with a background in mathematics and computation oriented fields could pursue biostatistics and the new field of data science \u2013 a very hot topic that our group is trying to develop new educational programs in.\u00a0Given the increasingly complex environmental challenges we are facing due to climate change, and the new opportunities to measure temporally and spatially resolved data, there is a wealth of opportunity in biostatistics, environmental exposure and environmental health topics.<\/div>\n
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To learn more about environmental epidemiology, visit the\u00a0Southern California Environmental Health Sciences Center<\/a>.<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Interested in biostatistics and epidemiology? The MS and MPH programs at USC offer concentration options that will provide you with the skills and knowledge you need to make a difference.<\/em>
\n\u2014 Carolyn Barnes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A USC professor is changing the game in determining relationships between environmental factors and health outcomes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":233,"featured_media":5781,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[81,301,241,273],"class_list":["post-5780","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-campus-news","tag-department-of-population-and-public-health-sciences","tag-division-of-biostatistics","tag-faculty","tag-kiros-berhane"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHow a USC professor is creating new ways to measure health<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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