{"id":9585,"date":"2025-12-11T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-11T17:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/?p=9585"},"modified":"2025-12-18T09:30:23","modified_gmt":"2025-12-18T17:30:23","slug":"usc-medical-students-publish-breakthrough-case-report-on-rare-heart-anomaly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/usc-medical-students-publish-breakthrough-case-report-on-rare-heart-anomaly\/","title":{"rendered":"USC medical students publish breakthrough case report on rare heart anomaly"},"content":{"rendered":"\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"text-container\">\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--eyebrow\">\n\n    \n  <span>Campus News<\/span>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--page-title\">\n\n    \n      <h1>USC medical students publish breakthrough case report on rare heart anomaly<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  <p>An unexpected find by first-year students in a Keck School of Medicine of USC learning lab led to published research that could influence surgical techniques and prenatal development research, marking a significant achievement early in their medical education.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n          <div class=\"meta\">\n                  <span class=\"author\">Wayne Lewis<\/span>\n        \n                  <span class=\"date\">December 11, 2025<\/span>\n              <\/div>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--embed\">\n\n    \n  <div class=\"heateor_sss_sharing_container heateor_sss_horizontal_sharing\" data-heateor-ss-offset=\"0\" data-heateor-sss-href='https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/usc-medical-students-publish-breakthrough-case-report-on-rare-heart-anomaly\/'><div class=\"heateor_sss_sharing_ul\"><a aria-label=\"Facebook\" 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data-src=\"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/68\/2025\/12\/Cardiac-Anomaly-2-768x432.jpg\"\n          data-srcset=\"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/68\/2025\/12\/Cardiac-Anomaly-2-768x432.jpg 768w\"          data-sizes=\"(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw\"          class=\"lazyload\"\n        \n        alt=\"Justin Wang with Kristian Carlson\"\n        \n                                      \/>\n\n    \n          <figcaption><p>Photo\/Laura Nickerson<\/p>\n<\/figcaption>\n    <\/figure>\n    \n  \n  \n\n<\/div>\n  \n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--rich-text white\"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--rich-text\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n        \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"float: right;width: 240px;height: 427px;margin-left: 15px;margin-bottom: 10px\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-JIsBJ-Legg\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><br \/>\n<\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>For first-year medical student Justin Wang, uncovering something never before seen wasn\u2019t on the agenda when he showed up for his gross anatomy lab. Instead, he and his peers were there to learn about the human form\u2019s visible internal structures by examining donated bodies. This type of coursework provides them with hands-on knowledge of human anatomy \u2014 an important early milestone in medical education.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">But then Wang encountered a medical mystery. As he and his group examined their donated body, they found themselves both intrigued and puzzled. The heart and its associated vessels didn\u2019t look like what their lab guide predicted.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cI saw this unique structure,\u201d said Wang, now in his third year at the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Keck School of Medicine of USC<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u201cWe just could not figure out what it was.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">They consulted with their faculty instructor, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/faculty-search\/kristian-j-carlson\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kristian Carlson, PhD<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and other anatomy faculty on hand. Textbooks were scoured. Still, the answer was unclear.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cI knew there was something new here,\u201d Wang said. \u201cIf it surprised all the anatomy professors, it must be really fascinating.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">With Carlson\u2019s guidance, the students diligently analyzed the anatomy of the odd-looking heart. They discovered it had a condition known as persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC). This is characterized by an extra vein that flows into the heart, but their example had an accompanying constellation of features that had not yet been documented.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cIt\u2019s not often that a basic science class focused on training gives students the chance to publish research,\u201d said Carlson, a professor of clinical medical education at the Keck School of Medicine. \u201cSeeing new variations that you haven\u2019t encountered before is always a high point. It was such a thrill to see the uncommon tenacity that Justin and his colleagues exhibited, pursuing this until we finally documented how unique the alteration was.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The result was a case report recently published in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/eurjanat.com\/articles\/rare-vascular-variation-associated-with-the-presence-of-a-persistent-left-superior-vena-cava-a-case-report\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">the European Journal of Anatomy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, with Wang as the first author and Carlson as the senior author. This contribution to medical literature not only constitutes a rare discovery of new anatomical structures in a first-year gross anatomy course, but also helps educate surgeons and other clinicians about a variation that can complicate standard medical procedures. The study may even inform new scientific understanding of a PLSVC.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #990000\"><b>Seldom symptomatic, but potentially dangerous if undetected<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">PLSVC takes shape before birth. Normally, what begins as two veins in a fetus eventually transitions into one major tributary draining into the right side of the heart. In PLSVC, that union of pathways for blood is never fully realized.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although usually harmless on its own, the anomaly sometimes appears alongside health conditions such as irregular heartbeats. PLSVC can be detected incidentally during careful review of imaging, but is often missed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The lack of easy visibility leads to risk. Procedures including heart surgery, defibrillation and the placement of a cardiac catheter can go awry in a patient with PLSVC if they\u2019re conducted based on typical heart anatomy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">With the case report, Wang and his colleagues bring clinicians\u2019 attention to a never-before-seen anatomical variation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cIn our case, there were other alterations to the anatomy of the veins,\u201d Wang said. \u201cIt would be hard to diagnose with imaging alone \u2014 the sort of thing that could surprise surgeons when they have to work on the fly. So it\u2019s not just an interesting anomaly. It\u2019s something that affects patients\u2019 lives.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The case report also raises questions about the developmental origin of PLSVC. The specific alterations seem to contradict the two prevailing explanations for how the condition comes to be.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cWhat we found doesn\u2019t fit into the textbook picture of PLSVC,\u201d Wang said. \u201cIt suggests new questions to ask in basic embryology research.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #990000\"><b>Getting the most out of a rare opportunity<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Identifying the unique anomaly in a donated body provided research opportunities that are not always possible with a standard case report.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The team employed a research-grade instrument for high-resolution 3D X-ray imaging called micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). It allowed for detailed, isolated examination of the heart. They also used a 3D rendering of the heart to perform clinical imaging analysis. Ultimately, they gained further insight by dissecting the organ and the surrounding thoracic cavity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The keen curiosity and hard work paid off with an unexpected honor: the micro-CT images from their case report were chosen for the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/eurjanat.com\/issues\/september-2025\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">cover of that journal issue<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cWe used some cardinal and gold in the images, for USC,\u201d Wang said with a laugh. \u201cIt was fun to see them right there on the front of the journal.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Working on creating the case report was also personally meaningful for Wang. He and his classmates first noticed the puzzling anomaly the same week that he got his start in trauma surgery investigations. The twin research experiences have shaped his aspirations to become a surgeon and influenced his approach to biomedical science.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cI really learned the mindset of a physician-scientist,\u201d he said. \u201cAnd to me, medicine is about having a concrete positive impact on people\u2019s lives, every day I go to work.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the end of their paper, where advisers and funders are typically acknowledged, Wang and his colleagues included a sincere tribute to those who choose to donate their bodies for medical training and research.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cThis is such a selfless thing to do, and it\u2019s extremely impactful for students,\u201d Wang said. \u201cWe\u2019re learning medicine with these donors. In a way, they are our first patients. Their generosity will help us save lives in the future.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Learn more about the Keck School of Medicine of USC <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/keck.usc.edu\/md-program\/\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">MD program<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":278,"featured_media":9586,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[226,61,446,169,20],"class_list":["post-9585","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-campus-news","tag-department-of-medicine","tag-education","tag-homepage","tag-latest","tag-research"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.8 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>USC medical students publish breakthrough case report on rare heart anomaly<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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