Charalampos Zalavras, MD

Dr. Charalampos Zalavras is a specialist in the field of orthopaedic trauma at the Los Angeles County & University of Southern California Medical Center. Dr. Zalavras joined the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery at the Keck School of Medicine of USC as faculty in 2001 and is currently Professor of Clinical Orthopaedics and Director of Orthopaedic Resident Research. He has a particular interest in trauma and reconstruction of the upper extremity and in musculoskeletal infection. Dr. Zalavras has published approximately 100 peer-reviewed manuscripts and 20 book chapters focusing in the topics of trauma and infection and his work has been extensively cited with approximately 5,000 citations. Dr. Zalavras has been invited to deliver more than 100 scientific lectures in conferences in the US and all over the world. Dr. Zalavras has received numerous distinguished awards. He was the recipient of the Marshall R. Urist Young Investigator Award by the Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons and the Scholar Award by the Musculoskeletal Infection Society and the Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons. His research work resulted in Award for Best Resident/Fellow Paper in the Annual Meeting of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and in nomination for the Charles S. Neer II Award by the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons. He was recipient of a Traveling Fellowship Award by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association in 2013. Dr. Zalavras currently serves in the Editorial Board of Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research (Deputy Editor for Infection) and Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma (Section Editor for Infection). Dr. Zalavras has served as president of the Musculoskeletal Infection Society and as member of its executive board. He is member of the Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons, the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery, the American College of Surgeons, and the European Bone and Joint Infection Society.

• The surgical management of fracture-related infectionSurgical strategy selection and the need for early surgical intervention. J Orthop. 2024 Apr; 50:36-41. . View in PubMed
• Key aspects of soft tissue management in fracture-related infection: recommendations from an international expert group Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2024 Jan; 144(1):259-268. . View in PubMed
• The global burden of fracture-related infection: can we do better? Lancet Infect Dis. 2023 Nov 29.. View in PubMed
• 5 Years. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2023 Nov 27. . View in PubMed
• Corrigendum to: Validation of the diagnostic criteria of the consensus definition of fracture-related infectionInjury (2022);53, pages 1867-1879 Injury. 2023 Mar 21. . View in PubMed
• Antibiotic bead pouch versus negative pressure wound therapy at initial management of AO/OTA 42 type IIIB open tibia fracture may reduce fracture related infection: A retrospective analysis of 113 patients Injury. 2023 Feb; 54(2):744-750. . View in PubMed
• Diagnosis of fracture-related infection in patients without clinical confirmatory criteria: an international retrospective cohort study J Bone Jt Infect. 2023; 8(2):133-142. . View in PubMed
• Correction to: Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in long bone open fractures: the need for randomized controlled trials Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2022 Jun; 142(6):1065. . View in PubMed
• Validation of the diagnostic criteria of the consensus definition of fracture-related infection Injury. 2022 Jun; 53(6):1867-1879. . View in PubMed
• Duration of Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Open Fractures: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal Antibiotics (Basel). 2022 Feb 23; 11(3). . View in PubMed
• Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in long bone open fractures: the need for randomized controlled trials Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2022 06; 142(6):1063-1064. . View in PubMed
• CORR Insights®: Isothermal Microcalorimetry Improves the Time to Diagnosis of Fracture-related Infection Compared With Conventional Tissue Cultures Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2022 08 01; 480(8):1474-1475. . View in PubMed
• Ninety-Day Follow-up Is Inadequate for Diagnosis of Fracture-related Infections in Patients with Open Fractures Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2022 01 01; 480(1):139-146. . View in PubMed
• Editorial Comment: 2021 Musculoskeletal Infection Society Proceedings Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2022 08 01; 480(8):1461-1462. . View in PubMed
• Surgical management of humeral shaft nonunionsSuccess of a consistent protocol over 17 years. Injury. 2021 Dec; 52(12):3580-3587. . View in PubMed
• What is the diagnostic value of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for surgical site infection in fracture-related infection? Injury. 2021 Oct; 52(10):2879-2885.. View in PubMed
• The influence of duration of infection on outcome of debridement and implant retention in fracture-related infection Bone Joint J. 2021 Feb; 103-B(2):213-221. . View in PubMed
• Impact of duration of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis on development of fracture-related infection in open fractures Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2021 Feb; 141(2):235-243. . View in PubMed
• Editorial Comment: Selected Proceedings from the 2020 Musculoskeletal Infection Society Meeting Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2021 07 01; 479(7):1444-1446. . View in PubMed
• Secrets of Success in the Management of Lower Extremity Nonunions Instr Course Lect. 2021; 70:163-180. . View in PubMed
• Antimicrobial Resistance, the COVID-19 Pandemic, and Lessons for the Orthopaedic Community J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2021 01 06; 103(1):4-9. . View in PubMed
• The influence of biomechanical stability on bone healing and fracture-related infection: the legacy of Stephan Perren Injury. 2021 Jan; 52(1):43-52. . View in PubMed
• Syndesmotic Screw Removal in a Clinic Setting Is Safe and Cost-effective Foot Ankle Spec. 2020 Apr; 13(2):144-151. . View in PubMed
• Editorial Comment: 2019 Musculoskeletal Infection Society Proceedings Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2020 08; 478(8):1738-1740. . View in PubMed
• Evidence-Based Recommendations for Local Antimicrobial Strategies and Dead Space Management in Fracture-Related Infection J Orthop Trauma. 2020 Jan; 34(1):18-29. . View in PubMed
• Clinical practice in prevention of fracture-related infection: An international survey among 1197 orthopaedic trauma surgeons Injury. 2019 Jun; 50(6):1208-1215. . View in PubMed
• Gunshot Wounds to the Upper Extremity J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2019 Apr 01; 27(7):e301-e310. . View in PubMed
• CORR Insights®: Are Patients Who Undergo THA for Infection at Higher Risk for 30-day Complications? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2019 08; 477(8):1860-1861.. View in PubMed
• Editorial Comment: 2018 Musculoskeletal Infection Society Proceedings Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2019 07; 477(7):1574-1576. . View in PubMed
• CORR Insights®: Surgical Loupes Worn by Orthopaedic Surgeons Are a Reservoir for Microorganisms Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2019 06; 477(6):1514-1515. . View in PubMed
• Fracture-related infection: A consensus on definition from an international expert group Injury. 2018 Mar; 49(3):505-510. . View in PubMed
• Definition of infection after fracture fixation: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials to evaluate current practice Injury. 2018 Mar; 49(3):497-504. . View in PubMed
• International survey among orthopaedic trauma surgeons: Lack of a definition of fracture-related infection Injury. 2018 Mar; 49(3):491-496. . View in PubMed
• Principles of Open Fracture Management Instr Course Lect. 2018 Feb 15; 67:3-18. . View in PubMed
• How Can I Get This Bone to Heal? Instr Course Lect. 2018 Feb 15; 67:511-528.. View in PubMed
• Intra-articular fractures of the distal humerus-a review of the current practice Int Orthop. 2018 11; 42(11):2653-2662. . View in PubMed
• Editorial Comment: 2017 Musculoskeletal Infection Society Proceedings Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2018 10; 476(10):1938-1939. . View in PubMed
• Editorial Comment: 2016 Musculoskeletal Infection Society Proceedings Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2017 07; 475(7):1796-1797. . View in PubMed
• Prevention of Infection in Open Fractures Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2017 06; 31(2):339-352. . View in PubMed
• Editorial Comment: Proceedings of the 2015 Musculoskeletal Infection Society Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2016 Jul; 474(7):1581-2. . View in PubMed
• CORR Insights(®): Cathodic Voltage-controlled Electrical Stimulation Plus Prolonged Vancomycin Reduce Bacterial Burden of a Titanium Implant-associated Infection in a Rodent Model Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2016 07; 474(7):1676-8. . View in PubMed
• CORR Insights(®): Regional Intraosseous Administration of Prophylactic Antibiotics is More Effective Than Systemic Administration in a Mouse Model of TKA Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2015 Nov; 473(11):3585-7. . View in PubMed
• Invited Commentary J Orthop Trauma. 2015 Oct; 29(10):e395. . View in PubMed
• Editorial Comment: Symposium: 2014 Musculoskeletal Infection Society Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2015 Jul; 473(7):2227-8. . View in PubMed
• Osteonecrosis of the femoral head: evaluation and treatment J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2015 Feb; 23(2):69-70. . View in PubMed
• Percutaneous repair of acute Achilles tendon rupture: a functional evaluation study with a minimum 10-year follow-up Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2015; 49(6):661-7. . View in PubMed
• Editorial comment: 2013Musculoskeletal Infection Society meeting Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014 Nov; 472(11):3273-4. . View in PubMed
• CORR Insights®: Sonication of antibiotic spacers predicts failure during two-stage revision for prosthetic knee and hip infections Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014 Jul; 472(7):2215-6. . View in PubMed
• Osteonecrosis of the femoral head: evaluation and treatment J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2014 Jul; 22(7):455-64. . View in PubMed
• Scapula fractures: interobserver reliability of classification and treatment J Orthop Trauma. 2014 Mar; 28(3):124-9. . View in PubMed
• Operative environment J Arthroplasty. 2014 Feb; 29(2 Suppl):49-64. . View in PubMed
• Operative environment J Orthop Res. 2014 Jan; 32 Suppl 1:S60-80. . View in PubMed
• Antibiotics in the treatment of low-velocity gunshot-induced fractures: a systematic literature review Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2013 Dec; 471(12):3937-44. . View in PubMed
• Papers presented at the 2010 [corrected] meeting of the Musculoskeletal Infection Society: editorial comment Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2011 Nov; 469(11):2989-90. . View in PubMed
• New definition for periprosthetic joint infection: from the Workgroup of the Musculoskeletal Infection Society Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2011 Nov; 469(11):2992-4. . View in PubMed
• Biomechanical evaluation of parallel versus orthogonal plate fixation of intra-articular distal humerus fractures J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2011 Jan; 20(1):12-20. . View in PubMed
• Treatment of long bone intramedullary infection using the RIA for removal of infected tissue: indications, method and clinical results Injury. 2010 Nov; 41 Suppl 2:S43-7. . View in PubMed
• Microbiology of bone and joint infections in injecting drug abusers Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010 Aug; 468(8):2107-12. . View in PubMed
• Management of chronic shoulder infections utilizing a fixed articulating antibiotic-loaded spacer J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2010 Jul; 19(5):739-48. . View in PubMed
• Time of return of elbow motion after percutaneous pinning of pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009 Aug; 467(8):2007-10. . View in PubMed
• Hip disarticulation for severe lower extremity infections Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009 Jul; 467(7):1721-6. . View in PubMed
• Magnetic resonance imaging findings in hematogenous osteomyelitis of the hip in adults Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009 Jul; 467(7):1688-92. . View in PubMed
• Infection following operative treatment of ankle fractures Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009 Jul; 467(7):1715-20. . View in PubMed
• Reconstruction of osteomyelitis defects Semin Plast Surg. 2009 May; 23(2):108-18. . View in PubMed
• Undetected iatrogenic lesions of the anterior femoral shaft during intramedullary nailing: a cadaveric study J Orthop Surg Res. 2008 Jul 17; 3:30. . View in PubMed
• Increased oxacillin resistance in thigh pyomyositis in diabetic patients Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2008 Jun; 466(6):1405-9. . View in PubMed
• Hematogenous septic ankle arthritis Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2008 Jun; 466(6):1388-91. . View in PubMed
• Computed tomography study of radial head morphology J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2008 Mar-Apr; 17(2):347-54. . View in PubMed
• Management of open fractures and subsequent complications Instr Course Lect. 2008; 57:51-63. . View in PubMed
• Operative treatment of intra-articular distal humerus fractures Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2007 Dec; 36(12 Suppl 2):8-12. . View in PubMed
• Prolonged implantation of an antibiotic cement spacer for management of shoulder sepsis in compromised patients J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2007 Nov-Dec; 16(6):701-5. . View in PubMed
• Peroneal tendon subluxation repair with an indirect fibular groove deepening technique Foot Ankle Int. 2007 Nov; 28(11):1194-7. . View in PubMed
• Reconstruction of large skeletal defects due to osteomyelitis with the vascularized fibular graft in children J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007 Oct; 89(10):2233-40. . View in PubMed
• Linezolid in the treatment of implant-related chronic osteomyelitis Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2007 Aug; 461:40-3. . View in PubMed
• Microbiology of upper extremity soft tissue abscesses in injecting drug abusers Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2007 Aug; 461:9-13. . View in PubMed
• Clinical experience with daptomycin treatment of foot or ankle osteomyelitis: a preliminary study Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2007 Aug; 461:35-9. . View in PubMed
• Novel technique for medullary canal débridement in tibia and femur osteomyelitis Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2007 Aug; 461:31-4. . View in PubMed
• Tibial plateau fractures treated with the less invasive stabilisation system Int Orthop. 2007 Jun; 31(3):415-8. . View in PubMed
• Ankle syndesmotic injury J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2007 Jun; 15(6):330-9. . View in PubMed
• Scaphoid nonunions: management with vascularized bone grafts from the distal radius: a clinical and functional outcome study Plast Reconstr Surg. 2007 Apr 15; 119(5):1513-1525. . View in PubMed
• Management of open fractures and subsequent complications J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007 Apr; 89(4):884-95. . View in PubMed
• Septic arthritis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006 Oct; 451:46-9. . View in PubMed
• Septic arthritis of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006 Oct; 451:42-5. . View in PubMed
• Recalcitrant septic knee arthritis due to adjacent osteomyelitis in adults Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006 Oct; 451:38-41. . View in PubMed
• Biologic resurfacing of the glenoid using a meniscal allograft Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg. 2006 Sep; 10(3):145-9. . View in PubMed
• Surgical management of insertional calcific achilles tendinosis with a central tendon splitting approach Foot Ankle Int. 2006 Apr; 27(4):245-50. . View in PubMed
• Reconstruction of large rotator cuff tendon defects with porcine small intestinal submucosa in an animal model J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2006 Mar-Apr; 15(2):224-31. . View in PubMed
• Management of open fractures Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2005 Dec; 19(4):915-29. . View in PubMed
• Treatment of persistent infection after anterior cruciate ligament surgery Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2005 Oct; 439:52-5. . View in PubMed
• Microbiology of osteomyelitis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2005 Oct; 439:97-100. . View in PubMed
• Spinal epidural abscess: early clinical outcome in patients treated medically Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2005 Oct; 439:56-60. . View in PubMed
• Chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis and infected nonunion of the tibia: current management concepts J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2005 Oct; 13(6):417-27. . View in PubMed
• Closed treatment of displaced diaphyseal both-bone forearm fractures in older children and adolescents J Pediatr Orthop. 2005 Jul-Aug; 25(4):507-12. . View in PubMed
• Risk factors for respiratory failure following femoral fractures: the role of multiple intramedullary nailing Injury. 2005 Jun; 36(6):751-7. . View in PubMed
• Pediatric fractures during skateboarding, roller skating, and scooter riding Am J Sports Med. 2005 Apr; 33(4):568-73. . View in PubMed
• Bilateral absence of the patella in nail-patella syndrome: delayed presentation with anterior knee instability Arthroscopy. 2004 Oct; 20(8):e89-93. . View in PubMed
• Low-intensity transosseous ultrasound accelerates osteotomy healing in a sheep fracture model J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004 Oct; 86(10):2275-82. . View in PubMed
• Infected fractures of the distal tibial metaphysis and plafond: achievement of limb salvage with free muscle flaps, bone grafting, and ankle fusion Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2004 Oct; (427):57-62. . View in PubMed
• Local antibiotic therapy in the treatment of open fractures and osteomyelitis Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2004 Oct; (427):86-93. . View in PubMed
• Débridement and primary closure of nonhealing foot wounds Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2004 Oct; 33(10):507-9. . View in PubMed
• Arthroscopic autogenous osteochondral transplantation for treating knee cartilage defects: a 2- to 5-year follow-up study Arthroscopy. 2004 Sep; 20(7):681-90. . View in PubMed
• Free vascularized fibular grafts for reconstruction of skeletal defects J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2004 Sep-Oct; 12(5):360-9. . View in PubMed
• Genetic background of osteonecrosis: associated with thrombophilic mutations? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2004 May; (422):251-5.. View in PubMed
• Ipsilateral radial shaft, head, and medial epicondyle fractures J Orthop Trauma. 2004 Apr; 18(4):238-40. . View in PubMed
• Transscaphoid volar lunate dislocationA case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003 Sep; 85(9):1805-8. . View in PubMed
• Open fractures: evaluation and management J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2003 May-Jun; 11(3):212-9. . View in PubMed
• Gunshot femoral shaft fractures: is the current classification system reliable? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2003 Mar; (408):101-9.. View in PubMed
• Prevalence of the G20210A prothrombin gene mutation in Northwestern Greece and association with venous thromboembolism Int Angiol. 2003 Mar; 22(1):55-7. . View in PubMed
• Role of apoptosis in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and osteonecrosis Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr. 2003; 13(2-4):221-35. . View in PubMed
• Factor V Leiden and prothrombin gene mutations in femoral head osteonecrosis Thromb Haemost. 2002 Jun; 87(6):1079-80. . View in PubMed
• The 677C–>T mutation of the methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase gene in the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head Haematologica. 2002 Jan; 87(1):111-2. . View in PubMed
• Leiomyosarcoma as a second metachronous malignant neoplasm following colon adenocarcinomaA case report and review of the literature. Sarcoma. 2001; 5(1):31-3. . View in PubMed
• Potential aetiological factors concerning the development of osteonecrosis of the femoral head Eur J Clin Invest. 2000 Mar; 30(3):215-21. . View in PubMed

• Heckmann, Nathanael
• Demetriades, Demetrios
• Lieberman, Jay
• Armstrong, David
• Gary, Joshua