David E. Cobrinik, MD, PhD

Professor of Research Ophthalmology and Cancer Biology

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Overview

Our research seeks to improve understanding of retinal development and its relationship to retinal diseases. This goal stems from my long interest in a childhood retinal tumor called retinoblastoma, a cancer that develops in response to inactivation of the RB1 tumor suppressor gene and loss of functional pRB protein. One of our goals is to understand why cells of the retina but not other tissues routinely form cancers in response to pRB loss, and to use this knowledge to develop more effective therapies for retinoblastoma and other RB1-mutant cancers. We recently found that retinoblastomas arise from cone photoreceptor precursors, and that cone precursor-specific proliferation-related signaling pathways collaborate with pRB loss to enable tumorigenesis. This finding suggests that cone precursors signaling pathways can be targeted to suppress retinoblastoma development. Current studies aim to 1) define developmental signaling pathways that sensitize retinal cells to Rb loss, 2) define the step-by-step events through which Rb loss converts normal retinal cells to malignant retinoblastomas, and 3) target novel vulnerabilities in the pRB-deficient cone precursor circuitry.

With our colleagues at the CHLA Vision Center we also model retinal development and diseases using human pluripotent stem cells. We can produce normal-appearing developing retinas in vitro, opening the door to previously unimagined vision research opportunities. Current efforts aim to define similarities and differences between human retina produced in vitro and in vivo, and to thereby improve the verisimilitude of the in vitro retinal development model.

Awards

  • International Society for Genetic Eye Diseases and Retinoblastoma: The Ellsworth Lecture, 2023
  • James S. McDonnell Foundation: James S. McDonnell Scholar, 1996
     – 1999
  • Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation: Susan G. Komen Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow, 1992
     – 1995
  • American Cancer Society: ACS Postdoctoral Fellow, 1989
     – 1992
  • American Cancer Society: Joseph S. Silber Pre-doctoral Fellow, 1983
  • Amherst College: Oscar E. Schotté Award for Biological Research, 1982

Education and Training

  • Amherst College, Amherst, MA — BA — 05/1982 — Biology
  • Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH — MD, PhD — 05/1989 — Biochemistry, Medicine
  • Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, MA — Postdoctoral — 1995 — Cancer Biology

Publications

  • pRB and p107/p130 are required for the regulated expression of different sets of E2F responsive genes. Genes Dev. 1997 Jun 01; 11(11):1447-63.. View in PubMed
  • Shared role of the pRB-related p130 and p107 proteins in limb development. Genes Dev. 1996 Jul 01; 10(13):1633-44.. View in PubMed
  • Regulatory interactions among E2Fs and cell cycle control proteins. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1996; 208:31-61.. View in PubMed
  • E2F-4 and E2F-5, two members of the E2F family, are expressed in the early phases of the cell cycle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Mar 14; 92(6):2403-7.. View in PubMed
  • Cell cycle-specific association of E2F with the p130 E1A-binding protein. Genes Dev. 1993 Dec; 7(12A):2392-404.. View in PubMed
  • The retinoblastoma protein and the regulation of cell cycling. Trends Biochem Sci. 1992 Aug; 17(8):312-5.. View in PubMed
  • Interaction between retroviral U5 RNA and the T psi C loop of the tRNA(Trp) primer is required for efficient initiation of reverse transcription. J Virol. 1992 Apr; 66(4):2464-72.. View in PubMed
  • Overlapping retrovirus U5 sequence elements are required for efficient integration and initiation of reverse transcription. J Virol. 1991 Jul; 65(7):3864-72.. View in PubMed
  • A retroviral RNA secondary structure required for efficient initiation of reverse transcription. J Virol. 1988 Oct; 62(10):3622-30.. View in PubMed
  • Properties of avian sarcoma-leukosis virus pp32-related pol-endonucleases produced in Escherichia coli. J Virol. 1988 Jul; 62(7):2358-65.. View in PubMed