John David Carmichael, MD

Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine

Co-Director, Pituitary Program at Keck Medical Center

Endocrine Clinical Chief

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Overview

Dr. John Carmichael is the Co-Chief of the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes and the Vice Chair of the Department of Medicine for Clinical Operations and Strategy at the Keck School of Medicine of USC. He also serves as the Associate Chief Medical Informatics Officer for Keck Medicine of USC and is the Co-Director of the USC Pituitary Center.

Dr. Carmichael earned a BA in Biomedical Ethics from Brown University and completed his medical degree at the Virginia Commonwealth University/Medical College of Virginia. He trained in Internal Medicine at Virginia Mason Medical Center in Seattle, Washington, followed by a fellowship in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism at New York University. He also received specialized training in Translational Research at UCLA.

Dr. Carmichael has over 20 years of experience conducting clinical trials focused on the diagnosis and treatment of pituitary disorders, including acromegaly, Cushing’s disease, and prolactinomas. He has published extensively in leading journals such as The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Pituitary, and Clinical Endocrinology.

Before joining USC in 2014, Dr. Carmichael worked at NYU and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, focusing on clinical care and research in pituitary disease. At USC, he is an Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine and a leader in the education of medical students, residents, and fellows. He is also actively involved in professional organizations, including the Endocrine Society, where he serves on the Endocrine Board Review Committee for the pituitary section, the Pituitary Society, and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists.

Dr. Carmichael sees patients at the Neurosurgery Suites in HC2 on the USC Health Sciences Campus, providing specialized care for individuals with pituitary and other endocrine disorders.

Awards

  • NIH Loan Repayment Program: Growth Hormone Feedback in Patients with Acromegaly, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Healthy Adults, 2009-2013
  • NIH Clinical Research Feasibility Funds (CReFF): Growth Hormone Feedback in Patients with Acromegaly, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Healthy Adults, 2008-2009

Publications

  • Association between pituitary adenoma consistency, resection techniques, and patient outcomes: a single-institution experience J Neurosurg. 2025 Jan 24; 1-8. . View in PubMed
  • Successful Multimodal Management of an Aggressive Functional Gonadotropic Pituitary Macroadenoma AACE Clin Case Rep. 2025 Jan-Feb; 11(1):14-17. . View in PubMed
  • Spontaneous regression of Rathke’s cleft cysts with conservative management: patient series J Neurosurg Case Lessons. 2024 Sep 23; 8(13). . View in PubMed
  • Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Resection of Pituitary Adenomas in Patients Presenting With Monocular Blindness Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2024 Sep 01; 27(3):265-278. . View in PubMed
  • Management of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas causing acromegaly: a practical review of surgical and multimodal management strategies for neurosurgeons J Neurosurg. 2024 May 01; 140(5):1285-1294. . View in PubMed
  • Clinical Implications of Pituitary Adenomas Exhibiting Dual Transcription Factor Staining: A Case Series of 27 Patients World Neurosurg. 2024 02; 182:e62-e66. . View in PubMed
  • Endoscopic endonasal approach for MRI-Negative Cushing’s microadenoma Neurosurg Focus Video. 2023 Jul; 9(1):V5. . View in PubMed
  • Treatment of Cushing Disease With Pituitary-Targeting Seliciclib J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023 02 15; 108(3):726-735. . View in PubMed
  • Validation of Myc-Associated Protein X (MAX) regulation in growth hormone secreting and nonfunctional pituitary adenoma PLoS One. 2023; 18(4):e0284949. . View in PubMed
  • Association between socioeconomic status and presenting characteristics and extent of disease in patients with surgically resected nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma J Neurosurg. 2022 12 01; 137(6):1699-1706. . View in PubMed
  • Evaluating the predictive value of comorbidity indices in pituitary surgery: a mixed-effects modeling study using the Nationwide Readmissions Database J Neurosurg. 2022 Nov 01; 137(5):1443-1451. . View in PubMed
  • Growth hormone secreting pituitary adenomas show distinct extrasellar extension patterns compared to nonfunctional pituitary adenomas Pituitary. 2022 Jun; 25(3):480-485. . View in PubMed
  • Treatment strategies for giant pituitary adenomas in the era of endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery: a multicenter series J Neurosurg. 2022 Mar 01; 136(3):776-785. . View in PubMed
  • Use of predictive spatial modeling to reveal that primary cancers have distinct central nervous system topography patterns of brain metastasis J Neurosurg. 2022 01 01; 136(1):88-96. . View in PubMed
  • Ultra-high field 7 T MRI localizes regional brain volume recovery following corticotroph adenoma resection and hormonal remission in Cushing’s disease: A case series Surg Neurol Int. 2022; 13:239. . View in PubMed
  • Silent corticotroph pituitary adenomas: clinical characteristics, long-term outcomes, and management of disease recurrence J Neurosurg. 2021 12 01; 135(6):1706-1713. . View in PubMed
  • Consensus on diagnosis and management of Cushing’s disease: a guideline update Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021 12; 9(12):847-875. . View in PubMed
  • Cure and Hormonal Control After Prolactinoma Resection: Case Series and Systematic Review J Endocr Soc. 2021 Oct 01; 5(10):bvab074. . View in PubMed
  • Multivariable analysis of 63 contemporary patients diagnosed with nelson’s syndrome: A nationwide readmission database study J Clin Neurosci. 2021 Oct; 92:45-48. . View in PubMed
  • Neural network modeling for prediction of recurrence, progression, and hormonal non-remission in patients following resection of functional pituitary adenomas Pituitary. 2021 Aug; 24(4):523-529. . View in PubMed
  • Melanoma metastasis to a nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma: illustrative case J Neurosurg Case Lessons. 2021 Jun 07; 1(23):CASE2167. . View in PubMed
  • Development and clinical validation of a grading system for pituitary adenoma consistency J Neurosurg. 2021 06 01; 134(6):1800-1807. . View in PubMed
  • Safety and Effectiveness of the Direct Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Primary Sellar Pathology: A Contemporary Case Series of More Than 400 Patients World Neurosurg. 2021 04; 148:e536-e546. . View in PubMed
  • Comparative preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes at a private versus a safety-net hospital following endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenomas J Neurosurg. 2021 03 01; 134(3):742-749. . View in PubMed
  • Letter to the EditorGamma Knife radiosurgery for Cushing’s disease after prior resection. J Neurosurg. 2021 03 01; 134(3):1012-1014. . View in PubMed
  • Role of KCNAB2 expression in modulating hormone secretion in somatotroph pituitary adenoma J Neurosurg. 2021 03 01; 134(3):787-793. . View in PubMed
  • The role of reoperation after recurrence of Cushing’s disease Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 03; 35(2):101489. . View in PubMed
  • Discrepancies in the Recommended Management of Adrenal Incidentalomas by Various Guidelines J Urol. 2021 Jan; 205(1):52-59. . View in PubMed
  • Postoperative GH and Degree of Reduction in IGF-1 Predicts Postoperative Hormonal Remission in Acromegaly Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021; 12:743052. . View in PubMed
  • Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Residual and Recurrent Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas: A Contemporary Case Series of GammaKnife and CyberKnife Radiosurgery World Neurosurg. 2020 11; 143:e60-e69. . View in PubMed
  • Cost-Effectiveness and Efficacy of a Novel Combination Regimen in Acromegaly: A Prospective, Randomized Trial J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 09 01; 105(9). . View in PubMed
  • Ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging for localization of corticotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas Neuroradiology. 2020 Aug; 62(8):1051-1054. . View in PubMed
  • Impact of tumor characteristics and pre- and postoperative hormone levels on hormonal remission following endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery in patients with acromegaly Neurosurg Focus. 2020 06; 48(6):E10. . View in PubMed
  • Pituitary Apoplexy Case Series: Outcomes After Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery at a Single Tertiary Center World Neurosurg. 2020 05; 137:e366-e372. . View in PubMed
  • Hemorrhagic Presentation of Rathke Cleft Cysts: A Surgical Case Series Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2020 05 01; 18(5):470-479. . View in PubMed
  • Clinical utility of routine postoperative morning cortisol monitoring in detecting new hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis insufficiency following endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for sellar lesions J Neurosurg. 2020 04 01; 132(4):1054-1058. . View in PubMed
  • Calcified Prolactinoma of the Pituitary Gland: Illustrative Case Reports Highlighting Medical versus Surgical Intervention J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2020 Feb; 81(1):22-29. . View in PubMed
  • Differential Clinical Presentation, Intraoperative Management Strategies, and Surgical Outcomes After Endoscopic Endonasal Treatment of Cystic Sellar Masses World Neurosurg. 2020 Jan; 133:e241-e251. . View in PubMed
  • Surgical management of clinically silent thyrotropin pituitary adenomas: A single center series of 20 patients J Clin Neurosci. 2020 Jan; 71:70-75. . View in PubMed
  • AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGISTS AND AMERICAN COLLEGE OF ENDOCRINOLOGY GUIDELINES FOR MANAGEMENT OF GROWTH HORMONE DEFICIENCY IN ADULTS AND PATIENTS TRANSITIONING FROM PEDIATRIC TO ADULT CARE Endocr Pract. 2019 Nov; 25(11):1191-1232. . View in PubMed
  • Recurrent Rathke’s Cleft Cysts: Incidence and Surgical Management in a Tertiary Pituitary Center over 2 Decades Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2019 06 01; 16(6):675-684. . View in PubMed
  • Complications associated with microscopic and endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery: experience of 1153 consecutive cases treated at a single tertiary care pituitary center J Neurosurg. 2019 05 01; 130(5):1576-1583. . View in PubMed
  • Outcomes following transsphenoidal surgical management of incidental pituitary adenomas: a series of 52 patients over a 17-year period J Neurosurg. 2019 05 01; 130(5):1584-1592. . View in PubMed
  • Outcomes Following Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery in the Elderly: A Retrospective Single-Center Review Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2019 03 01; 16(3):302-309. . View in PubMed
  • Long-term surgical outcomes following transsphenoidal surgery in patients with Rathke’s cleft cysts J Neurosurg. 2019 03 01; 130(3):831-837. . View in PubMed
  • Value of pituitary gland MRI at 7 T in Cushing’s disease and relationship to inferior petrosal sinus sampling: case report J Neurosurg. 2019 02 01; 130(2):347-351. . View in PubMed
  • Surgical Outcomes Following Repeat Transsphenoidal Surgery for Nonfunctional Pituitary Adenomas: A Retrospective Comparative Study Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2019 02 01; 16(2):127-135. . View in PubMed
  • Variability and Lack of Prognostic Value Associated With Atypical Pituitary Adenoma Diagnosis: A Systematic Review and Critical Assessment of the Diagnostic Criteria Neurosurgery. 2018 10 01; 83(4):602-610. . View in PubMed
  • Identification and repair of intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid leaks in endonasal transsphenoidal pituitary surgery: surgical experience in a series of 1002 patients J Neurosurg. 2018 08; 129(2):425-429. . View in PubMed
  • Discordance between mass spectrometry and immunometric IGF-1 assay in pituitary disease: a prospective study Pituitary. 2018 Feb; 21(1):65-75. . View in PubMed
  • The Influence of Hormonal Fluctuation on Inflammatory Bowel Disease Symptom Severity-A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2018 01 18; 24(2):387-393. . View in PubMed
  • Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Drainage of a Spontaneous Candida glabrata Pituitary Abscess World Neurosurg. 2018 Jan; 109:467-470. . View in PubMed
  • Surgical debulking of pituitary adenomas improves responsiveness to octreotide lar in the treatment of acromegaly Pituitary. 2017 Dec; 20(6):668-675. . View in PubMed
  • Long-term treatment outcomes of acromegaly patients presenting biochemically-uncontrolled at a tertiary pituitary center BMC Endocr Disord. 2017 Aug 04; 17(1):49. . View in PubMed
  • Long-Term Endocrine Outcomes Following Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery for Acromegaly and Associated Prognostic Factors Neurosurgery. 2017 Aug 01; 81(2):357-366. . View in PubMed
  • Follow-up intervals in patients with Cushing’s disease: recommendations from a panel of experienced pituitary clinicians Pituitary. 2017 Aug; 20(4):422-429. . View in PubMed
  • BIOCHEMICAL CONTROL DURING LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF 230 ADULT PATIENTS WITH CUSHING DISEASE: A MULTICENTER RETROSPECTIVE STUDY Endocr Pract. 2017 Aug; 23(8):962-970. . View in PubMed
  • The association between biochemical control and cardiovascular risk factors in acromegaly BMC Endocr Disord. 2017 Mar 09; 17(1):15. . View in PubMed
  • Management of aggressive growth hormone secreting pituitary adenomas Pituitary. 2017 Feb; 20(1):169-178. . View in PubMed
  • Prolactin-Secreting Pituitary Carcinoma with Dural Metastasis: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future DirectionsWorld Neurosurg. 2016 Jul; 91:676. e23-8. . View in PubMed
  • Patterns of pharmacologic treatment in US patients with acromegaly Curr Med Res Opin. 2016 05; 32(5):799-805. . View in PubMed
  • Comparative analysis of outcomes following craniotomy and expanded endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection of craniopharyngioma and related tumors: a single-institution study J Neurosurg. 2016 Mar; 124(3):627-38. . View in PubMed
  • Gene expression in prolactinomas: a systematic review Pituitary. 2016 Feb; 19(1):93-104. . View in PubMed
  • AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGISTS AND AMERICAN COLLEGE OF ENDOCRINOLOGY DISEASE STATE CLINICAL REVIEW: POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT FOLLOWING PITUITARY SURGERY Endocr Pract. 2015 Jul; 21(7):832-8. . View in PubMed
  • Effects of low dose versus high dose human growth hormone on body composition and lipids in adults with GH deficiency: a meta-analysis of placebo-controlled randomized trials Pituitary. 2015 Jun; 18(3):297-305. . View in PubMed
  • Hyperprolactinemia due to spontaneous intracranial hypotension J Neurosurg. 2015 May; 122(5):1020-5. . View in PubMed
  • Gene and protein expression in pituitary corticotroph adenomas: a systematic review of the literature Neurosurg Focus. 2015 Feb; 38(2):E17. . View in PubMed
  • Introduction: Cushing’s disease: a century of evolving diagnostics and therapeutics for an often elusive entity Neurosurg Focus. 2015 Feb; 38(2):E1. . View in PubMed
  • Ectopic ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma of the sphenoid sinus: case report of endoscopic endonasal resection and systematic review of the literature Neurosurg Focus. 2015 Feb; 38(2):E10. . View in PubMed
  • Making the diagnosis of cyclic Cushing’s syndrome: a position statement from the topic editors Neurosurg Focus. 2015 Feb; 38(2):E8. . View in PubMed
  • Cyclic Cushing’s disease with misleading inferior petrosal sinus sampling results during a trough phase Neurosurg Focus. 2015 Feb; 38(2):E7. . View in PubMed
  • Demographic factors, outcomes, and patient access to transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing’s disease: analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 2002 to 2010 Neurosurg Focus. 2015 Feb; 38(2):E2. . View in PubMed
  • A structural and functional acromegaly classification J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Jan; 100(1):122-31. . View in PubMed
  • A protracted and aggressive variant of lymphocytic hypophysitis with mammillary body involvement and cognitive dysfunction Endocr Pract. 2014 Nov; 20(11):e225-9. . View in PubMed
  • Surgical management of pituicytomas: case series and comprehensive literature review Pituitary. 2014 Oct; 17(5):399-413. . View in PubMed
  • Prolactinoma ErbB receptor expression and targeted therapy for aggressive tumors Endocrine. 2014 Jun; 46(2):318-27. . View in PubMed
  • Acromegaly clinical trial methodology impact on reported biochemical efficacy rates of somatostatin receptor ligand treatments: a meta-analysis J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014 May; 99(5):1825-33. . View in PubMed
  • Single-surgeon fully endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery: outcomes in three-hundred consecutive cases Pituitary. 2013 Sep; 16(3):393-401. . View in PubMed
  • Mifepristone: is there a place in the treatment of Cushing’s disease? Endocrine. 2013 Aug; 44(1):20-32.. View in PubMed
  • Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep. 2013; 2013:130036. . View in PubMed
  • Update on the diagnosis and management of hypophysitis Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2012 Aug; 19(4):314-21. . View in PubMed
  • Phase I study to assess the safety and tolerability of olaparib in combination with bevacizumab in patients with advanced solid tumours Br J Cancer. 2012 Jan 31; 106(3):468-74. . View in PubMed
  • Lanreotide depot deep subcutaneous injection: a new method of delivery and its associated benefits Patient Prefer Adherence. 2012; 6:73-82. . View in PubMed
  • Atypical pituitary adenoma with malignant features Pituitary. 2011 Mar; 14(1):92-7. . View in PubMed
  • The utility of oral glucose tolerance testing for diagnosis and assessment of treatment outcomes in 166 patients with acromegaly J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Feb; 94(2):523-7. . View in PubMed
  • Lipodystrophy in patients with acromegaly receiving pegvisomant J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Sep; 93(9):3515-8. . View in PubMed
  • Medical therapy: options and uses Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2008 Mar; 9(1):71-81. . View in PubMed
  • GH peak response to GHRH-arginine: relationship to insulin resistance and other cardiovascular risk factors in a population of adults aged 50-90 Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2006 Aug; 65(2):169-77. . View in PubMed
  • Variability and reliability of single serum IGF-I measurements: impact on determining predictability of risk ratios in disease development J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 May; 89(5):2271-4. . View in PubMed