Ralf Langen, PhD

Professor of Physiology & Neuroscience and Gerontology

Director, Protein Structure Center, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute

Director of the Ph.D. Program in Medical Physiology, Co-Director, Ph.D. Program in Medical Biophysics

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Overview

Our main interests lie in the basic areas of protein folding and misfolding, and particular emphasis is placed on these processes when they occur on or around membranes. The interaction of proteins with membranes underlies many important biological processes. Proteins can regulate the structure and function of biological membranes by controlling the composition, fluidity, permeability and curvature of cellular membranes. Membranes, in turn, can have a pronounced effect on the structure and function of proteins and help to promote physiologically important structural reorganizations of proteins. In addition, membrane interaction can also result in protein misfolding which could ultimately cause disease.

Research Funding

  • Developing novel nanobody-based biosensors and therapeutics for Huntington?s Disease
    NIH · R21NS137242 · Apr 15, 2024 – Mar 31, 2026 · Role: Co-Principal Investigator
  • Genetically Encoded Probes of Huntingtin Misfolding
    NIH · R01NS125769 · Aug 1, 2022 – Jul 31, 2027 · Role: Principal Investigator
  • Molecular Mechanism of Huntingtin Misfolding and its Inhibition by Designed and Cellular Proteins
    NIH · R01NS120704 · Sep 17, 2021 – Aug 31, 2026 · Role: Principal Investigator
  • Characterizing the Conformations and Neurotoxic Species of Huntingtin
    NIH · R01NS118859 · Jul 15, 2021 – Jun 30, 2026 · Role: Co-Principal Investigator
  • Membrane-Mediated Interactions of the Bcl-xL/Bid/Bax Triad of Apoptotic Regulators
    NIH · R01GM126778 · Feb 1, 2019 – Jan 31, 2024 · Role: Co-Principal Investigator
  • Structural characterization of A-beta strain variation in AD mouse models
    NIH · R01AG061865 · Sep 30, 2018 – May 31, 2024 · Role: Co-Principal Investigator
  • Mechanism of modulation of huntingtin exon 1 aggregation by profilin
    NIH · R01NS089932 · Apr 1, 2016 – Dec 31, 2021 · Role: Co-Principal Investigator
  • Membrane remodeling by alpha-synuclein: implications for function and disease
    NIH · R01GM115736 · Sep 1, 2015 – Jun 30, 2020 · Role: Principal Investigator
  • Molecular mechanisms of huntingtin misfolding
    NIH · R01NS084345 · Apr 1, 2015 – Mar 31, 2021 · Role: Principal Investigator
  • Amyloid Fibril Formation and Protein Misfolding: Molecular Mechanisms and Cellula
    NIH · R13NS066531 · Jun 15, 2009 – May 31, 2010 · Role: Principal Investigator
  • Structural Analysis of IAPP Fibril Formation and Membrane Interaction
    NIH · R01AG027936 · Feb 15, 2007 – Jan 31, 2012 · Role: Principal Investigator
  • Structural Analysis of Protein-Membrane Interaction
    NIH · R01GM063915 · Jul 1, 2001 – Jan 31, 2014 · Role: Principal Investigator
  • RHODOPSIN STRUCTURES AND KINASE INTERACTION
    NIH · F32EY006809 · Mar 30, 1997 · Role: Principal Investigator

Publications

  • Epitope-specific antibodies can distinguish between soluble huntingtin exon-1 and its diverse cellular aggregates. J Biol Chem. 2026 Feb; 302(2):111048.. View in PubMed
  • Protofibril Binding Peptides Recognize and Inhibit Huntingtin Amyloid Formation in vitro and in vivo. bioRxiv. 2025 Oct 21.. View in PubMed
  • Pleiotropic effects of mutant huntingtin on retinopathy in two mouse models of Huntington’s disease. Neurobiol Dis. 2025 02; 205:106780.. View in PubMed
  • TDP43 and huntingtin Exon-1 undergo a conformationally specific interaction that strongly alters the fibril formation of both proteins. J Biol Chem. 2024 09; 300(9):107660.. View in PubMed
  • Retraction Note: Pericyte degeneration causes white matter dysfunction in the mouse central nervous system. Nat Med. 2024 Apr; 30(4):1215.. View in PubMed
  • Fluorescent protein tagging promotes phase separation and alters the aggregation pathway of huntingtin exon-1. J Biol Chem. 2024 01; 300(1):105585.. View in PubMed
  • Molecular basis of Q-length selectivity for the MW1 antibody-huntingtin interaction. J Biol Chem. 2023 04; 299(4):104616.. View in PubMed
  • The Dynamic Interactions of a Multitargeting Domain in Ameloblastin Protein with Amelogenin and Membrane. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 09; 24(4).. View in PubMed
  • Lysine acetylation regulates the interaction between proteins and membranes. Nat Commun. 2021 11 09; 12(1):6466.. View in PubMed
  • Amplification of neurotoxic HTTex1 assemblies in human neurons. Neurobiol Dis. 2021 11; 159:105517.. View in PubMed