Robinder G. Khemani, MD

Professor of Pediatrics (Clinical Scholar)

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Overview

Dr. Khemani is a Pediatric Intensive Care Physician and Clinical Researcher at the Children’s Hospital Los Angeles. His major area of research interest involves using observational data to answer important clinical questions in the realm of pediatric critical care. This includes but is not limited to the creation and validation of quality indicators and severity of illness scores to develop objective criteria for comparing pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) outcomes internationally. This work involves both disease specific markers for certain subgroups of PICU patients, or global ICU populations. These findings will help target specific areas for quality improvement, and help evaluate new interventions and treatment modalities.

He is also interested in pediatric mechanical ventilation, lung injury, and respiratory physiology, both translationally and at the bedside. He has specific interests in acute respiratory distress syndrome and upper airway obstruction: developing and validating minimally invasive pulmonary function techniques. Moreover, he uses his background in statistical modeling to examine the impact of different treatment regimens on cohorts of patients with specific respiratory disease such as upper airway obstruction, obstructive airways, hypoxemic respiratory failure, and acute lung injury.

Publications

Planning a Phased Guideline Implementation Strategy Across the Multicenter Ventilation Liberation for Kids (VentLib4Kids) Collaborative Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2025 Mar 01; 26(3):e396-e407. . View in PubMed
Phoenix Sepsis Criteria in Critically Ill Children: Retrospective Validation Using a United States Nine-Center Dataset, 2012-2018 Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2025 Feb 01; 26(2):e155-e165. . View in PubMed
Challenges in using the ROX index as a predictor of failure in high flow nasal cannula in infants with respiratory failure Pediatr Pulmonol. 2025 Jan; 60(1):e27332. . View in PubMed
Framework for Research Gaps in Pediatric Ventilator Liberation Chest. 2024 Nov; 166(5):1056-1070. . View in PubMed
1 fails to estimate ?PES in ventilated children. Crit Care. 2024 10 04; 28(1):325. . View in PubMed
Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation for acute asthma in children Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 10 02; 10:CD012067. . View in PubMed
A Master Protocol Template for Pediatric ARDS Studies Respir Care. 2024 09 26; 69(10):1284-1293. . View in PubMed
Noninvasive Surrogate for Physiologic Dead Space Using the Carbon Dioxide Ventilatory Equivalent: Testing in a Single-Center Cohort, 2017-2023 Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2024 Sep 01; 25(9):784-794. . View in PubMed
Implementing the Pediatric Ventilator Liberation Guidelines Using the Most Current Evidence Respir Care. 2024 06 28; 69(7):869-880. . View in PubMed
Critical Emergency Department Interventions and Clinical Deterioration in Children With Nonsevere Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage Pediatr Emerg Care. 2024 Jun 01; 40(6):e68-e75. . View in PubMed
Association between Age and Mortality in Pediatric and Adult Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2024 04 01; 209(7):871-878. . View in PubMed
The authors reply Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2024 Mar 01; 25(3):e169-e171. . View in PubMed
The Modified Clinical Progression Scale for Pediatric Patients: Evaluation as a Severity Metric and Outcome Measure in Severe Acute Viral Respiratory Illness Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2023 Dec 01; 24(12):998-1009. . View in PubMed
Estimation of inspiratory effort using airway occlusion maneuvers in ventilated children: a secondary analysis of an ongoing randomized trial testing a lung and diaphragm protective ventilation strategy Crit Care. 2023 11 29; 27(1):466. . View in PubMed
Predicting Duration of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in the Pediatric ICU Respir Care. 2023 11 25; 68(12):1623-1630. . View in PubMed
Derivation, Validation, and Clinical Relevance of a Pediatric Sepsis Phenotype With Persistent Hypoxemia, Encephalopathy, and Shock Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2023 Oct 01; 24(10):795-806. . View in PubMed
A Novel Application of Spectrograms with Machine Learning Can Detect Patient Ventilator Dyssynchrony Biomed Signal Process Control. 2023 Sep; 86(Pt C). . View in PubMed
Diagnosing Pediatric ARDS Still Requires Clinical Judgment Chest. 2023 09; 164(3):568-569. . View in PubMed
Noninvasive Ventilation for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Experience From the 2016/2017 Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology Prospective Cohort Study Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2023 09 01; 24(9):715-726. . View in PubMed
Effort and work-of-breathing parameters strongly correlate with increased resistance in an animal model Pediatr Res. 2023 09; 94(3):944-949. . View in PubMed
Association of Extubation Failure Rates With High-Flow Nasal Cannula, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, and Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure vs Conventional Oxygen Therapy in Infants and Young Children: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis JAMA Pediatr. 2023 08 01; 177(8):774-781. . View in PubMed
Association of Interventions With Outcomes in Children At-Risk for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology Study Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2023 Jul 01; 24(7):574-583. . View in PubMed
Fundamental concepts and the latest evidence for esophageal pressure monitoring J Intensive Care. 2023 May 22; 11(1):22. . View in PubMed
Reply to Havan et al Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2023 05 15; 207(10):1405-1406. . View in PubMed
Operational Definitions Related to Pediatric Ventilator Liberation Chest. 2023 05; 163(5):1130-1143. . View in PubMed
A Web-Based Platform for the Automatic Stratification of ARDS Severity Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Mar 01; 13(5). . View in PubMed
The end-tidal alveolar dead space fraction for risk stratification during the first week of invasive mechanical ventilation: an observational cohort study Crit Care. 2023 02 09; 27(1):54. . View in PubMed
Executive Summary of the Second International Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (PALICC-2) Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2023 02 01; 24(2):143-168. . View in PubMed
Methodology of the Second Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2023 02 01; 24(12 Suppl 2):S76-S86. . View in PubMed
Understanding clinical and biological heterogeneity to advance precision medicine in paediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome Lancet Respir Med. 2023 02; 11(2):197-212. . View in PubMed
Executive Summary: International Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pediatric Ventilator Liberation, A Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network Document Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2023 01 01; 207(1):17-28. . View in PubMed
A 30-Minute Spontaneous Breathing Trial Misses Many Children Who Go On to Fail a 120-Minute Spontaneous Breathing Trial Chest. 2023 01; 163(1):115-127. . View in PubMed
Pleural and transpulmonary pressures to tailor protective ventilation in children Thorax. 2023 01; 78(1):97-105. . View in PubMed
A Network Meta-analysis of Dexamethasone for Preventing Postextubation Upper Airway Obstruction in Children Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2023 01; 20(1):118-130. . View in PubMed
Clinical Challenges in Pediatric Ventilation Liberation: A Meta-Narrative Review Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2022 12 01; 23(12):999-1008. . View in PubMed
Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI): Evolution of an Investigator-Initiated Research Network Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2022 12 01; 23(12):1056-1066. . View in PubMed
What’s new in paediatric ventilator liberation? Intensive Care Med. 2022 11; 48(11):1635-1637.. View in PubMed
High-Flow Nasal Cannula Reduces Effort of Breathing But Not Consistently via Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Chest. 2022 10; 162(4):861-871. . View in PubMed
Pediatric Ventilation Liberation: A Survey of International Practice Among 555 Pediatric Intensivists Crit Care Explor. 2022 Sep; 4(9):e0756. . View in PubMed
Executive Summary: International Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pediatric Ventilator Liberation, A PALISI Network Document Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2022 Aug 15. . View in PubMed
Challenges Remain to Assess Post-ICU Morbidity and Identify Attributable Risk in Children With Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2022 07 01; 23(7):571-573. . View in PubMed
Continuous noninvasive blood gas estimation in critically ill pediatric patients with respiratory failure Sci Rep. 2022 06 14; 12(1):9853. . View in PubMed
Ventilation Liberation Practices Among 380 International PICUs Crit Care Explor. 2022 Jun; 4(6):e0710. . View in PubMed
Normalization to Predicted Body Weight May Underestimate Mechanical Energy in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2022 06 01; 205(11):1360-1363. . View in PubMed
Development of a deep learning model that predicts Bi-level positive airway pressure failure Sci Rep. 2022 05 26; 12(1):8907. . View in PubMed
Fluid Balance: Another Variable to Consider with Diaphragm Dysfunction? Anesthesiology. 2022 05 01; 136(5):672-674.. View in PubMed
Epidemiology and Outcomes of Critically Ill Children at Risk for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology Study Crit Care Med. 2022 03 01; 50(3):363-374. . View in PubMed
Airway microbiome dynamics and relationship to ventilator-associated infection in intubated pediatric patients Pediatr Pulmonol. 2022 02; 57(2):508-518. . View in PubMed
Mechanical power in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome: a PARDIE study Crit Care. 2022 01 03; 26(1):2. . View in PubMed
Development of a Pleural Pressure Catheter via Continuous Fiberoptic Esophageal Pressure Measurements Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2022 07; 2022:3269-3272. . View in PubMed
Should We Embrace Mechanical Power to Understand the Risk of Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury in Children? Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2022 01 01; 23(1):71-74.. View in PubMed
Respiratory Dysfunction Criteria in Critically Ill Children: The PODIUM Consensus Conference Pediatrics. 2022 01 01; 149(1 Suppl 1):S48-S52. . View in PubMed
Pediatric Organ Dysfunction Information Update Mandate (PODIUM) Contemporary Organ Dysfunction Criteria: Executive Summary Pediatrics. 2022 01 01; 149(1 Suppl 1):S1-S12. . View in PubMed
OLA strategy for ARDS: Its effect on mortality depends on achieved recruitment (PaO2/FiO2) and mechanical powerSystematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression. Med Intensiva (Engl Ed). 2021 Dec; 45(9):516-531. . View in PubMed
Subglottic Post-Extubation Upper Airway Obstruction Is Associated With Long-Term Airway Morbidity in Children Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2021 10 01; 22(10):e502-e512. . View in PubMed
Adherence to Lung-Protective Ventilation Principles in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology Study Crit Care Med. 2021 10 01; 49(10):1779-1789. . View in PubMed
Questions About Fluid Management in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and the Design of Clinical Trials Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2021 09 01; 22(9):847-849. . View in PubMed
Reply: Not All Breaths That Follow a Ventilator Cycle Are Reverse Triggering Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2021 07; 18(7):1264-1266. . View in PubMed
OLA strategy for ARDS: Its effect on mortality depends on achieved recruitment (PaO2/FiO2) and mechanical powerSystematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression. Med Intensiva (Engl Ed). 2021 Jun 05. . View in PubMed
Frequency and Risk Factors for Reverse Triggering in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome during Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2021 05; 18(5):820-829. . View in PubMed
Update in Critical Care 2020 Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021 05 01; 203(9):1088-1098. . View in PubMed
Trends and variation in repeat neuroimaging for children with traumatic intracranial hemorrhage J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open. 2021 Apr; 2(2):e12400. . View in PubMed
Epidemiology of Critical Interventions in Children With Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage Pediatr Emerg Care. 2021 Apr 01; 37(4):e196-e202. . View in PubMed
Direction and Magnitude of Change in Plateau From Peak Pressure During Inspiratory Holds Can Identify the Degree of Spontaneous Effort and Elastic Workload in Ventilated Patients Crit Care Med. 2021 03 01; 49(3):517-526. . View in PubMed
The Association Between Ventilatory Ratio and Mortality in Children and Young Adults Respir Care. 2021 Feb; 66(2):205-212. . View in PubMed
Tracheobronchial Foreign Body Aspiration Diagnosed with Electrical Impedance Tomography Case Rep Pediatr. 2021; 2021:9951838. . View in PubMed
Design and Rationale for Common Data Elements for Clinical Research in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2020 11; 21(11):e1038-e1041. . View in PubMed
Real-Time Effort Driven Ventilator Management: A Pilot Study Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2020 11; 21(11):933-940. . View in PubMed
Risk Factors for Mortality and Pre-ICU Fluid Balance Among Critically Ill Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients J Intensive Care Med. 2020 Nov; 35(11):1265-1270. . View in PubMed
Lung- and Diaphragm-Protective Ventilation Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 10 01; 202(7):950-961. . View in PubMed
Ventilator Liberation in the Pediatric ICU Respir Care. 2020 Oct; 65(10):1601-1610. . View in PubMed
High Breath-by-Breath Variability Is Associated With Extubation Failure in Children Crit Care Med. 2020 08; 48(8):1165-1174. . View in PubMed
Prognostic relevance and inter-observer reliability of chest-imaging in pediatric ARDS: a pediatric acute respiratory distress incidence and epidemiology (PARDIE) study Intensive Care Med. 2020 Jul; 46(7):1382-1393. . View in PubMed
Thresholds for oximetry alarms and target range in the NICU: an observational assessment based on likely oxygen tension and maturity BMC Pediatr. 2020 06 27; 20(1):317. . View in PubMed
Early Use of Adjunctive Therapies for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A PARDIE Study Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 06 01; 201(11):1389-1397. . View in PubMed
Predicting Mortality in Children With Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology Study Crit Care Med. 2020 06; 48(6):e514-e522. . View in PubMed
Research and Quality Improvement Must Evolve With Changing Clinical Practice Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2020 06; 21(6):587-588. . View in PubMed
The role of computer-based clinical decision support systems to deliver protective mechanical ventilation Curr Opin Crit Care. 2020 02; 26(1):73-81. . View in PubMed
Value and limitations of real-world data to understand paediatric adherence to positive airway pressure therapy Lancet Digit Health. 2020 02; 2(2):e56-e57. . View in PubMed
A Phase II randomized controlled trial for lung and diaphragm protective ventilation (Real-time Effort Driven VENTilator management) Contemp Clin Trials. 2020 01; 88:105893. . View in PubMed
Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist mitigates ventilator-induced diaphragm injury in rabbits Respir Res. 2019 Dec 23; 20(1):293. . View in PubMed
Age-Stratified Risk of Critical Illness in Young Children Presenting to the Emergency Department with Suspected InfluenzaJ Pediatr. 2019 12; 215:132-138. e2. . View in PubMed
Definition and global epidemiology of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome Ann Transl Med. 2019 Oct; 7(19):502. . View in PubMed
Body Habitus and Risk of Mortality in Pediatric Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Retrospective Cohort StudyJ Pediatr. 2019 07; 210:178-183. e2. . View in PubMed
Hypoxemic and hyperoxemic likelihood in pulse oximetry ranges: NICU observational study Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2019 May; 104(3):F274-F279. . View in PubMed
Accuracy of Transcutaneous Carbon Dioxide Levels in Comparison to Arterial Carbon Dioxide Levels in Critically Ill Children Respir Care. 2019 Feb; 64(2):201-208. . View in PubMed
Paediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome incidence and epidemiology (PARDIE): an international, observational study Lancet Respir Med. 2019 02; 7(2):115-128. . View in PubMed
Minimal Change in Cardiac Index With Increasing PEEP in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Front Pediatr. 2019; 7:9. . View in PubMed
Derivation and Validation of an Objective Effort of Breathing Score in Critically Ill Children Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2019 01; 20(1):e15-e22. . View in PubMed
The authors reply Crit Care Med. 2018 12; 46(12):e1231. . View in PubMed
Pediatric Ventilator-Associated Events: Analysis of the Pediatric Ventilator-Associated Infection Data Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2018 Dec; 19(12):e631-e636. . View in PubMed
Epidemiology of Cause of Death in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Crit Care Med. 2018 11; 46(11):1811-1819. . View in PubMed
The Association Between Inhaled Nitric Oxide Treatment and ICU Mortality and 28-Day Ventilator-Free Days in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Crit Care Med. 2018 11; 46(11):1803-1810. . View in PubMed
Reply to Tremlett and Kanthimathinathan and to Koopman and Kneyber Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2018 09 15; 198(6):823-824. . View in PubMed
The Therapeutic Index Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2018 08; 19(8):775-776. . View in PubMed
Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Lower Than the ARDS Network Protocol Is Associated with Higher Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Mortality Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2018 07 01; 198(1):77-89. . View in PubMed
Does Size Matter When Calculating the “Correct” Tidal Volume for Pediatric Mechanical Ventilation? : A Hypothesis Based on FVC. Chest. 2018 07; 154(1):77-83.. View in PubMed
Risk Stratification Using Oxygenation in the First 24 Hours of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Crit Care Med. 2018 04; 46(4):619-624. . View in PubMed
Measurements Obtained From Esophageal Balloon Catheters Are Affected by the Esophageal Balloon Filling Volume in Children With ARDS Respir Care. 2018 Feb; 63(2):177-186. . View in PubMed
Predicting Body Height in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Using Ulnar Length Front Pediatr. 2018; 6:187. . View in PubMed
The authors reply Crit Care Med. 2017 12; 45(12):e1304-e1305. . View in PubMed
Potential Acceptability of a Pediatric Ventilator Management Computer Protocol Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017 Nov; 18(11):1027-1034. . View in PubMed
Variability in Usual Care Mechanical Ventilation for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Time for a Decision Support Protocol? Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017 Nov; 18(11):e521-e529.. View in PubMed
The Conflicting Paradigm of Ventilator-Associated Conditions Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017 11; 18(11):1078-1079. . View in PubMed
The Relationship between High Flow Nasal Cannula Flow Rate and Effort of Breathing in ChildrenJ Pediatr. 2017 10; 189:66-71. e3. . View in PubMed
Mechanical Ventilation and Decision Support in Pediatric Intensive Care Pediatr Clin North Am. 2017 10; 64(5):1057-1070. . View in PubMed
Risk Factors for Pediatric Extubation Failure: The Importance of Respiratory Muscle Strength Crit Care Med. 2017 Aug; 45(8):e798-e805. . View in PubMed
Comparison of Effort of Breathing for Infants on Nasal Modes of Respiratory SupportJ Pediatr. 2017 06; 185:26-32. e3. . View in PubMed
Cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance: Clinical assessment compared with a noninvasive objective measurement in children with shock J Crit Care. 2017 06; 39:6-10. . View in PubMed
Change in Oxygen Consumption Following Inhalation of Albuterol in Comparison with Levalbuterol in Healthy Adult Volunteers Lung. 2017 04; 195(2):233-239. . View in PubMed
Volume and Pressure Delivery During Pediatric High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017 Apr; 18(4):e189-e194. . View in PubMed
The authors reply Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017 02; 18(2):204-205. . View in PubMed
Bayes to the Rescue: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Has Less Mortality Than High-Flow Oxygen Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017 02; 18(2):e92-e99. . View in PubMed
CPAP alone best estimates post-extubation effort during spontaneous breathing trials in children Intensive Care Med. 2017 01; 43(1):150-151. . View in PubMed
Evaluating the Performance of the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference Definition of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017 01; 18(1):17-25. . View in PubMed
Pediatric Ventilator-Associated Infections: The Ventilator-Associated INfection Study Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017 01; 18(1):e24-e34. . View in PubMed
A Simple and Robust Bedside Model for Mortality Risk in Pediatric Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2016 10; 17(10):907-916. . View in PubMed
Databases for Research in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome J Pediatr Intensive Care. 2016 Sep; 5(3):89-94. . View in PubMed
Letter to Editor: Reliability of the Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor for Pediatric Patients Pediatr Cardiol. 2016 Aug; 37(6):1189-90. . View in PubMed
Pediatric extubation readiness tests should not use pressure support Intensive Care Med. 2016 Aug; 42(8):1214-22. . View in PubMed
The authors reply Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2016 06; 17(6):582. . View in PubMed
PICU Volume and Outcome: A Severity-Adjusted Analysis Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2016 06; 17(6):483-9. . View in PubMed
Development of a Prediction Model of Early Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Children Using Electronic Health Record Data Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2016 06; 17(6):508-15. . View in PubMed
Reply to Letter to the Editor Pediatr Cardiol. 2016 Mar; 37(3):619-20. . View in PubMed
Obesity and Mortality Risk in Critically Ill Children Pediatrics. 2016 Mar; 137(3):e20152035. . View in PubMed
Recruitment Maneuvers to the Extreme Respir Care. 2016 Feb; 61(2):260-1. . View in PubMed
Alveolar Dead Space Fraction Discriminates Mortality in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2016 Feb; 17(2):101-9. . View in PubMed
Evaluating Risk Factors for Pediatric Post-extubation Upper Airway Obstruction Using a Physiology-based Tool Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2016 Jan 15; 193(2):198-209. . View in PubMed
Interpretable Deep Models for ICU Outcome Prediction AMIA Annu Symp Proc. 2016; 2016:371-380. . View in PubMed
Procalcitonin to Detect Suspected Bacterial Infections in the PICU Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2016 Jan; 17(1):e4-12. . View in PubMed
Validation of an Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor as a Bedside Tool for Pediatric Patients Pediatr Cardiol. 2016 Jan; 37(1):177-83. . View in PubMed
The authors reply Crit Care Med. 2016 Jan; 44(1):e52-3. . View in PubMed
Elevated soluble thrombomodulin is associated with organ failure and mortality in children with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): a prospective observational cohort study Crit Care. 2015 Dec 14; 19:435. . View in PubMed
Comparison of Tidal Volumes at the Endotracheal Tube and at the Ventilator Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2015 Nov; 16(9):e324-31. . View in PubMed
Higher Dead Space Is Associated With Increased Mortality in Critically Ill Children Crit Care Med. 2015 Nov; 43(11):2439-45. . View in PubMed
Monitoring Dead Space in Mechanically Ventilated Children: Volumetric Capnography Versus Time-Based Capnography Respir Care. 2015 Nov; 60(11):1548-55. . View in PubMed
The authors reply Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2015 Nov; 16(9):899-900. . View in PubMed
Virtualization of open-source secure web services to support data exchange in a pediatric critical care research network J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2015 Nov; 22(6):1271-6. . View in PubMed
Association Between Progression and Improvement of Acute Kidney Injury and Mortality in Critically Ill Children Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2015 Oct; 16(8):703-10. . View in PubMed
The authors reply Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2015 Sep; 16(7):689-91. . View in PubMed
Pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome: definition, incidence, and epidemiology: proceedings from the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2015 Jun; 16(5 Suppl 1):S23-40. . View in PubMed
Are we ready to accept the Berlin definition of acute respiratory distress syndrome for use in children? Crit Care Med. 2015 May; 43(5):1132-4.. View in PubMed
Pulmonary function testing in infants with tetralogy of Fallot and absent pulmonary valve syndrome Ann Pediatr Cardiol. 2015 May-Aug; 8(2):108-12. . View in PubMed
Pulse oximetry vsPaO2 metrics in mechanically ventilated children: Berlin definition of ARDS and mortality risk. Intensive Care Med. 2015 Jan; 41(1):94-102. . View in PubMed
Respiratory inductance plethysmography calibration for pediatric upper airway obstruction: an animal model Pediatr Res. 2015 Jan; 77(1-1):75-83. . View in PubMed
Algorithms to estimate PaCO2 and pH using noninvasive parameters for children with hypoxemic respiratory failure Respir Care. 2014 Aug; 59(8):1248-57. . View in PubMed
Patient origin is associated with duration of endotracheal intubation and PICU length of stay for children with status asthmaticus J Intensive Care Med. 2014 May-Jun; 29(3):154-9. . View in PubMed
Effort of breathing in children receiving high-flow nasal cannula Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2014 Jan; 15(1):1-6. . View in PubMed
Impact of positive end-expiratory pressure on cardiac index measured by ultrasound cardiac output monitor* Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2014 Jan; 15(1):15-20. . View in PubMed
Existing data analysis in pediatric critical care research Front Pediatr. 2014; 2:79. . View in PubMed
Accuracy of pulse oximetry in children Pediatrics. 2014 Jan; 133(1):22-9. . View in PubMed
Elevated positive end-expiratory pressure decreases cardiac index in a rhesus monkey model Front Pediatr. 2014; 2:134. . View in PubMed
Evaluating the Berlin Definition in pediatric ARDS Intensive Care Med. 2013 Dec; 39(12):2213-6. . View in PubMed
Is shock index associated with outcome in children with sepsis/septic shock? *. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2013 Oct; 14(8):e372-9.. View in PubMed
Impact of gender on sepsis mortality and severity of illness for prepubertal and postpubertal childrenJ Pediatr. 2013 Sep; 163(3):835-40. e1. . View in PubMed
Pediatric upper airway obstruction: interobserver variability is the road to perdition J Crit Care. 2013 Aug; 28(4):490-7. . View in PubMed
Dead space to tidal volume ratio (VD/VT) to explain extubation failure in children: the limitations of current evidence J Pediatr (Rio J). 2012 May; 88(3):191-4. . View in PubMed
Pediatric rheumatic disease in the intensive care unit: lessons learned from 15 years of experience in a tertiary care pediatric hospital Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2012 May; 13(3):e181-6. . View in PubMed
Comparison of SpO2 to PaO2 based markers of lung disease severity for children with acute lung injury Crit Care Med. 2012 Apr; 40(4):1309-16. . View in PubMed
Effect of race on the timing of the Glenn and Fontan procedures for single-ventricle congenital heart disease Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2012 Mar; 13(2):174-7. . View in PubMed
The association between the end tidal alveolar dead space fraction and mortality in pediatric acute hypoxemic respiratory failure Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2012 Jan; 13(1):11-5. . View in PubMed
Variability in usual care mechanical ventilation for pediatric acute lung injury: the potential benefit of a lung protective computer protocol Intensive Care Med. 2011 Nov; 37(11):1840-8. . View in PubMed
Continuous infusion of bupivacaine reduces postoperative morphine use in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis after posterior spine fusion Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2011 Aug 15; 36(18):1478-83. . View in PubMed
Race/Ethnicity is not associated with mortality in the PICU Pediatrics. 2011 Mar; 127(3):e588-97. . View in PubMed
The design of future pediatric mechanical ventilation trials for acute lung injury Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010 Dec 15; 182(12):1465-74. . View in PubMed
Pressure-rate product and phase angle as measures of acute inspiratory upper airway obstruction in rhesus monkeys Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010 Jul; 45(7):639-44. . View in PubMed
Children with corrected or palliated congenital heart disease on home mechanical ventilation Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010 Jul; 45(7):645-9. . View in PubMed
Steroids for post extubation stridor: pediatric evidence is still inconclusive Intensive Care Med. 2010 Jul; 36(7):1276-7. . View in PubMed
Reducing the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome with the introduction of an enteral feed protocol Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2010 May; 11(3):373-7. . View in PubMed
Post extubation stridor the call for objectivity Indian Pediatr. 2010 Apr; 47(4):307-8. . View in PubMed
Serum creatinine as stratified in the RIFLE score for acute kidney injury is associated with mortality and length of stay for children in the pediatric intensive care unit Crit Care Med. 2010 Mar; 38(3):933-9. . View in PubMed
Outcome analysis of neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia treated with venovenous vs venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation J Pediatr Surg. 2009 Sep; 44(9):1691-701. . View in PubMed
Characteristics of children intubated and mechanically ventilated in 16 PICUs Chest. 2009 Sep; 136(3):765-771. . View in PubMed
Effect of tidal volume in children with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure Intensive Care Med. 2009 Aug; 35(8):1428-37. . View in PubMed
Can the Kawashima procedure be performed in younger patients? Ann Thorac Surg. 2009 Aug; 88(2):581-6; discussion 586-7.. View in PubMed
Corticosteroids for the prevention and treatment of post-extubation stridor in neonates, children and adults Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Jul 08; (3):CD001000. . View in PubMed
Thoracic duct ligation for persistent chylothorax after pediatric cardiothoracic surgery Ann Thorac Surg. 2009 Jul; 88(1):246-51; discussion 251-2. . View in PubMed
Comparison of the pulse oximetric saturation/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio and the PaO2/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio in children Chest. 2009 Mar; 135(3):662-668. . View in PubMed
Disseminated intravascular coagulation score is associated with mortality for children with shock Intensive Care Med. 2009 Feb; 35(2):327-33. . View in PubMed
Corticosteroids for the prevention and treatment of post-extubation stridor in neonates, children and adults Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Apr 16; (2):CD001000. . View in PubMed

Robinder G. Khemani, MD

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